폴리아미드 역삼투막을 이용한 염화나트륨, 아세트산나트륨, 구연산나트륨 용액의 농축

이흥길; 김인호; Heungil Lee; In Ho Kim

Korean Chemical Engineering Research, Vol.56, No.5, 679-686, October, 2018

DOI10.9713/kcer.2018.56.5.679 Export Citation

폴리아미드 역삼투막을 이용한 염화나트륨, 아세트산나트륨, 구연산나트륨 용액의 농축

Concentration of Sodium Chloride, Sodium Acetate and Sodium Citrate Solutions by using Polyamide Reverse Osmosis Membrane

이흥길, 김인호 ^†

충남대학교 응용화학공학과, 34134 대전광역시 유성구 대학로 99

Heungil Lee, and In Ho Kim^†

Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea

E-mail:

초록

폴리아미드 역삼투막을 이용하여 염화나트륨, 아세트산나트륨, 구연산나트륨 용액의 역삼투 농축실험을 행하고, 농도분극 현상을 압력, 용질의 종류, 농축액의 초기 농도를 변수로 연구하였다. 투과 플럭스에 대한 압력과 농도의 영향을 살펴보면, 공정 압력이 증가할수록 그리고 원액의 초기 농도가 작을수록 투과플럭스가 증가하였다. 농도분극이 일어나면 막 표면의 농도가 증가하여 투과플럭스가 감소한다. 농도분극은 농축이 진행됨에 따라 투과 플럭스의 감소로 이어지고 농도분극 층에서 용질 역확산을 통하여 점차 감소하였다. 이온의 크기, 분자량, 전하량이 증가함에 따라 막표면에서 정전기적 반발력이 커서 농도분극의 이론적 해석과 실험값의 차이가 컸다.

Reverse osmosis (RO) concentration of sodium chloride, sodium acetate, and sodium citrate solutions has been performed by polyamide RO membrane. Concentration polarization phenomena was also studied by changing pressure, solute kinds, and initial solution concentration. Pressure effect on permeation flux was that the increase of flux was accompanied by the increase of pressure. Flux increase was observed by the decrease of initial solution concentration. Surface concentration on the RO membrane increases and so flux declines due to the concentration polarization. In the later phase of concentration, concentration polarization effect was decreased by the back diffusion of solute from the polariztion layer. In case of sodium citrate, its large ion size and charge density resulted in the discrepancy between theory and experimental data of concentration polarization. It may be due to electric repulsion on the membrane surface.

Keywords:Reverse osmosis;Salts permeation;Concentration polarization

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[Related Articles]

[1] Bungay PM, Consdale HK, Pinho MN, Synthetic Membranes : Science, Engineering and Applications, D. Reidel Publishing, Dordrecht, Netherlands, 307(1983).

[2] Meares P, Membrane Separation Processes, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co., Amsterdam, Netherlands, 114(1976).

[3] MacBean RD, Smith BR, “Reverse Osmosis in Food Processing,” Food Technol., Australia, January, 247(1977).

[4] Sourirajan S, Reverse Osmosis/Ultrafiltration Process Principles, National Research Coucil of Canada, Canada, 472(1985).

[5] Kim WS, Yeom KH, Lee HW, Lee CS, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 25(6), 593 (1987)

[6] Yeom KH, Kim WS, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 31(6), 813 (1993)

[7] Hur SS, Choi YH, Korean J. Food Sci. Technol., 25(4), 321 (1993)

[8] Hwang ST, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 28(1), 1 (2011)

[9] Hong SS, Hongik University, Seoul, Korea (2014).

[10] Seader JD, Henley EJ, Roper DK, Separation Process Principles, 3rd ed., Wiley, New York, USA (2010).

[11] Alvarez V, Alvarez S, Riera FA, Albarez R, J. Macromol. Sci., 127, 25 (1997)

[12] Hur SS, Joo GJ, Chang KS, Choi YH, Food Engineering Progress., 2(2), 114 (1998)

[13] http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=ion%20class%20of%20citrate%20ion&lk=2.

[14] Buffle J, Zhang Z, Startchev K, Environ. Sci. Technol., 41(22), 7609 (2007)