During the development of column extraction techniques, two methods of separation were identified. The first method is based on altering polymer solubility by varying the ratio of solvent in a solvent/nonsolvent mixture at a constant temperature above the polymer melting point (gradient solvent elution fractionation). This method fractionates polymers according to molecular weight. The second method is based on altering polymer solubility by varying solvent temperature (temperature rising elution fractionation-TREF). TREF fractionates semicrystalline polymers with respect to their crystallizability, independently of molecular weight effects. In the present article, supercritical propane will be used to fractionate a high-density polyethylene sample by molecular weight and short chain branching. The main advantage of supercritical fluid fractionation is that large polymer fractions with narrow molecular weight distributions (isothermal fractionation) or narrow short chain branching distributions (isobaric fractionation) can be obtained without using hazardous organic chlorinated solvents.