Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol.57, No.39, 12980-12986, 2018
Effect of Nonionic Surfactants on F-Gases (HFC-134a and SF6) Hydrate Formation
Fluorinated gases (F-gases), such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), are used widely in a variety of industrial processes but they are some of the most potent greenhouse gases. A clean process using the principle of gas hydrate formation can be a new alternative to the separation and recovery of these greenhouse gases. In this study, alcohol ethoxylate (AE), vegetable oil ethoxylate (VOE), and alkyl polymer (AP), which are known to be nonionic, less toxic, and readily biodegradable surfactants, were used as additives to improve the hydrate kinetics. All surfactants increased the kinetics of HFC-134a and SF6 hydrate formation. In particular, the rates of HFC-134a and SF6 hydrate formation was fastest when AP was added. In the case of AP addition, the inflection point at which the formation rates of SF6 hydrate increased significantly was also found. The addition of AP not only improved the rates of HFC-134a and SF6 hydrate formation but also reduced the hydrate nucleation time.