Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol.57, No.33, 11452-11464, 2018
Investigation of Oily Wastewater Filtration Using Polymeric Membranes: Experimental Verification of the Multicontinuum Modeling Approach
The multicontinuum approach has been developed to investigate the filtration of oil-in-water emulsions using membrane technology. Although the fate of individual oil droplets at the membrane surface is determined by the balance of hydrodynamic forces in addition to the applied pressure, such fates cannot be used to determine the overall macroscopic behavior of the membrane. The fact that both the oil and the membrane represent distributions of sizes highlights the idea that such size distributions may be used to construct multiple continua for both the oil and the membrane. Each oil continuum interacts with all membrane continua according to the rules that determine the fate of each individual droplet in each range. The need to validate this modeling approach is essential to build confidence in the myriad results obtained by this approach. For this reason, an experimental set up has been designed and used to provide a verification framework to test the results obtained by the multicontinuum approach and compare them with those measured. Three types of membranes commonly used in the filtration of oily water systems have been tested; JX-PVDF (Polyvinylidene difluoride, GE Osmonics), PAN (GE Osmonics) and Polycarbonate track etch (PCTE) membranes. The contact angle of oil droplets over the three tested membranes in a water environment are 144 degrees, 135 degrees, and 101 degrees, respectively. The three membranes have nominal pore sizes of 0.3, 0.9, and 4.75 mu m, respectively. Measurements of the rejection capacity of the membrane were conducted. Comparisons of the measured rejection capacities of the membranes and those calculated using the multicontinuum approach under different conditions is similar thus validating the multicontinuum theory of modeling.