Stabilizing color shift of tandem white organic light-emitting diodes

Hyunsu Cho; Jinouk Song; Byoung-Hwa Kwon; Sukyung Choi; Hyunkoo Lee; Chul Woong Joo; Seong-Deok Ahn; Seung-Youl Kang; Seunghyup Yoo; Jaehyun Moon

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.69, 414-421, January, 2019

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2018.10.006 Export Citation

Stabilizing color shift of tandem white organic light-emitting diodes

Hyunsu Cho, Jinouk Song¹, Byoung-Hwa Kwon, Sukyung Choi, Hyunkoo Lee, Chul Woong Joo, Seong-Deok Ahn, Seung-Youl Kang, Seunghyup Yoo¹, and Jaehyun Moon^†

Flexible Device Research Group, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
¹Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea

E-mail:

One drawback of white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) is the white angular dependence (WAD). Aimed to suppress the WAD of tandem WOLED to a negligible degree, we investigated the effect of optical resonance and probed various scattering structures. In a two-tandem configuration, the emissive layer physically remote from the reflective metal electrode is causing detrimental WAD. By combining an external nanoparticle based volumetric scattering film and an internal random nanostructure, it was possible to suppress the WAD of tandem WOLED to a value as low as 0.005, which is indistinguishable to human eyes.

Keywords:Organic light emitting diodes;White light source;Tandem structure;Scattering structure;Color stability;White organic light-emitting diode;White angular dependence;Optical resonance

[References]

Tan G, Lee JH, Lin SC, Opt. Express, 25, 33629 (2017)
Kim E, Chung J, Lee J, Cho H, Cho NS, Yoo S, Org. Electron., 48, 348 (2017)
D'Andrade BW, Forrest SR, Adv. Mater., 16(18), 1585 (2004)
Reineke S, Thomschke M, Lussem B, Leo K, Rev. Mod. Phys., 85, 1245 (2013)
Shin JW, Moon J, Cho DH, Joo CW, Park SK, Lee J, Han JH, Cho NS, Cho H, Lee JI, ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol., 5, R3126 (2016)
Nakayama T, Hiyama K, Furukawa K, Ohtani H, SID Int. Symp. Dig. Tech., 38, 1018 (2007)
Lin CL, Chang HC, Tien KC, Wu CC, Appl. Phys. Lett., 90, 071111 (2007)
Joo CW, Lee K, Lee J, Cho H, Shin JW, Cho NS, Moon J, J. Luminescence, 187, 433 (2017)
Bulovic V, Khalfin V, Gu G, Burrows P, Garbuzov D, Phys. Rev. B, 58, 3730 (1998)
Ishibashi T, Yamada J, Hirano T, Iwase Y, Sato Y, Nakagawa R, Sekiya M, Sasaoka T, Urabe T, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 45, 4392 (2006)
Guo F, Ma D, Appl. Phys. Lett., 87, 173510 (2005)
Zhao D, Qin Z, Huang J, Yu J, Org. Electron., 51, 220 (2017)
Lee S, Shin H, Kim JJ, Adv. Mater., 26(33), 5864 (2014)
Chang HW, Kim YH, Lee J, Hofmann S, Lussem B, Muller-Meskamp L, Gather M, Leo K, Wub CC, Org. Electron., 15, 1028 (2014)
Cho H, Kim E, Moon J, Joo CW, Kim E, Park SK, Lee J, Yu B, Lee JI, Yoo S, Cho NS, Org. Electron., 46, 139 (2017)
Lee K, Shin JW, Park JH, Lee J, Joo CW, Lee JI, Cho DH, Lim JT, Oh MC, Ju BK, Moon J, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 8, 17409 (2016)
Riedel B, Shen YX, Hauss J, Aichholz M, Tang XC, Lemmer U, Gerken M, Adv. Mater., 23(6), 740 (2011)
Loser F, Romainczyk T, Rothe C, Pavicic D, Haldi A, Hofmann M, Murano S, Canzler T, Birnstock J, J. Photon. Energy, 2, 21207 (2012)
Koo WH, Jeong SM, Araoka F, Ishikawa K, Nishimura S, Toyooka T, Takezoe H, Nat. Photonics, 4, 222 (2010)
Koh TW, Spechler J, Lee K, Arnold C, Rand B, ACS Photonics, 2, 1366 (2015)
Lee K, Lee J, Kim E, Lee JI, Cho DH, Lim JT, Joo CW, Kim JY, Yoo S, Ju BK, Moon J, Nanotechnology, 27, 75202 (2016)
Moon J, Kim E, Park SK, Lee K, Shin JW, Cho DH, Lee J, Joo CW, Cho NS, Han JH, Yu BG, Yoo S, Lee JI, Org. Electron, 26, 273 (2015)
Hong K, Lee JL, J. Phys. Chem. C, 116, 6427 (2012)
Komoda T, Tsuji H, Yamae K, Varutt K, Matsuhisa Y, Ide N, Soc. Inf. Disp. Dig., 42, 105610 (2011)
Kim SY, Kim JJ, Org. Electron., 11, 1010 (2010)
Huh JW, Moon J, Lee JW, Cho DH, Shin JW, Han JH, Hwang J, Joo CW, Lee JI, Chu HY, IEEE Photon. J., 4, 39 (2012)
Cho H, Joo CW, Lee J, Lee H, Moon J, Lee JI, Lee JY, Kang Y, Cho NS, Opt. Express, 24, 24161 (2016)
Cho H, Yun C, Yoo S, Opt. Express, 18, 3404 (2010)
Shiang J, Faircloth T, Duggal A, J. Appl. Phys., 95, 2889 (2004)
Song J, Kim KH, Kim E, Moon CK, Kim YH, Kim JJ, Yoo S, Nat. Commun., 9, 3207 (2018)
Shiang J, Duggal A, J. Appl. Phys., 95, 2880 (2004)
Joo CW, Moon J, Han JH, Huh JW, Lee J, Cho NS, Hwang J, Chu HY, Lee JI, Org. Electron., 15, 189 (2014)
Gather MC, Kohnen A, Meerholz K, Adv. Mater., 23(2), 233 (2011)
Byun CW, Yang JH, Pi JE, Lee H, Kim GH, Kwon BH, Cho SM, Lee JI, Kim YH, Cho KI, Cho SH, Lee SW, Hwang CS, J. Info. Display, 17, 159 (2016)

[Referenced By]

[1] Tan G, Lee JH, Lin SC, Opt. Express, 25, 33629 (2017)

[2] Kim E, Chung J, Lee J, Cho H, Cho NS, Yoo S, Org. Electron., 48, 348 (2017)

[3] D'Andrade BW, Forrest SR, Adv. Mater., 16(18), 1585 (2004)

[4] Reineke S, Thomschke M, Lussem B, Leo K, Rev. Mod. Phys., 85, 1245 (2013)

[5] Shin JW, Moon J, Cho DH, Joo CW, Park SK, Lee J, Han JH, Cho NS, Cho H, Lee JI, ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol., 5, R3126 (2016)

[6] Nakayama T, Hiyama K, Furukawa K, Ohtani H, SID Int. Symp. Dig. Tech., 38, 1018 (2007)

[7] Lin CL, Chang HC, Tien KC, Wu CC, Appl. Phys. Lett., 90, 071111 (2007)

[8] Joo CW, Lee K, Lee J, Cho H, Shin JW, Cho NS, Moon J, J. Luminescence, 187, 433 (2017)

[9] Bulovic V, Khalfin V, Gu G, Burrows P, Garbuzov D, Phys. Rev. B, 58, 3730 (1998)

[10] Ishibashi T, Yamada J, Hirano T, Iwase Y, Sato Y, Nakagawa R, Sekiya M, Sasaoka T, Urabe T, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 45, 4392 (2006)

[11] Guo F, Ma D, Appl. Phys. Lett., 87, 173510 (2005)

[12] Zhao D, Qin Z, Huang J, Yu J, Org. Electron., 51, 220 (2017)

[13] Lee S, Shin H, Kim JJ, Adv. Mater., 26(33), 5864 (2014)

[14] Chang HW, Kim YH, Lee J, Hofmann S, Lussem B, Muller-Meskamp L, Gather M, Leo K, Wub CC, Org. Electron., 15, 1028 (2014)

[15] Cho H, Kim E, Moon J, Joo CW, Kim E, Park SK, Lee J, Yu B, Lee JI, Yoo S, Cho NS, Org. Electron., 46, 139 (2017)

[16] Lee K, Shin JW, Park JH, Lee J, Joo CW, Lee JI, Cho DH, Lim JT, Oh MC, Ju BK, Moon J, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 8, 17409 (2016)

[17] Riedel B, Shen YX, Hauss J, Aichholz M, Tang XC, Lemmer U, Gerken M, Adv. Mater., 23(6), 740 (2011)

[18] Loser F, Romainczyk T, Rothe C, Pavicic D, Haldi A, Hofmann M, Murano S, Canzler T, Birnstock J, J. Photon. Energy, 2, 21207 (2012)

[19] Koo WH, Jeong SM, Araoka F, Ishikawa K, Nishimura S, Toyooka T, Takezoe H, Nat. Photonics, 4, 222 (2010)

[20] Koh TW, Spechler J, Lee K, Arnold C, Rand B, ACS Photonics, 2, 1366 (2015)

[21] Lee K, Lee J, Kim E, Lee JI, Cho DH, Lim JT, Joo CW, Kim JY, Yoo S, Ju BK, Moon J, Nanotechnology, 27, 75202 (2016)

[22] Moon J, Kim E, Park SK, Lee K, Shin JW, Cho DH, Lee J, Joo CW, Cho NS, Han JH, Yu BG, Yoo S, Lee JI, Org. Electron, 26, 273 (2015)

[23] Hong K, Lee JL, J. Phys. Chem. C, 116, 6427 (2012)

[24] Komoda T, Tsuji H, Yamae K, Varutt K, Matsuhisa Y, Ide N, Soc. Inf. Disp. Dig., 42, 105610 (2011)

[25] Kim SY, Kim JJ, Org. Electron., 11, 1010 (2010)

[26] Huh JW, Moon J, Lee JW, Cho DH, Shin JW, Han JH, Hwang J, Joo CW, Lee JI, Chu HY, IEEE Photon. J., 4, 39 (2012)

[27] Cho H, Joo CW, Lee J, Lee H, Moon J, Lee JI, Lee JY, Kang Y, Cho NS, Opt. Express, 24, 24161 (2016)

[28] Cho H, Yun C, Yoo S, Opt. Express, 18, 3404 (2010)

[29] Shiang J, Faircloth T, Duggal A, J. Appl. Phys., 95, 2889 (2004)

[30] Song J, Kim KH, Kim E, Moon CK, Kim YH, Kim JJ, Yoo S, Nat. Commun., 9, 3207 (2018)

[31] Shiang J, Duggal A, J. Appl. Phys., 95, 2880 (2004)

[32] Joo CW, Moon J, Han JH, Huh JW, Lee J, Cho NS, Hwang J, Chu HY, Lee JI, Org. Electron., 15, 189 (2014)

[33] Gather MC, Kohnen A, Meerholz K, Adv. Mater., 23(2), 233 (2011)

[34] Byun CW, Yang JH, Pi JE, Lee H, Kim GH, Kwon BH, Cho SM, Lee JI, Kim YH, Cho KI, Cho SH, Lee SW, Hwang CS, J. Info. Display, 17, 159 (2016)