In vivo detection of sentinel lymph nodes with PEGylated crushed gold shell @ radioactive core nanoballs

Sang Bong Lee; Yinghua Li; In-Kyu Lee; Sung Jin Cho; Sang Kyoon Kim; Sang-Woo Lee; Jaetae Lee; Yong Hyun Jeon

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.70, 196-203, February, 2019

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2018.10.016 Export Citation

In vivo detection of sentinel lymph nodes with PEGylated crushed gold shell @ radioactive core nanoballs

Sang Bong Lee¹, Yinghua Li², In-Kyu Lee^{3, 4}, Sung Jin Cho^{1, 3}, Sang Kyoon Kim⁵, Sang-Woo Lee^{3, 6}, Jaetae Lee⁶, and Yong Hyun Jeon^{3, 5, †}

¹New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, South Korea
²Department of Pathology, Chemon Co. Ltd., 240, Nampyeong-Ro, Yangji-Myeon, Cheoin-Gu, Yongin-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 17162, Republic of Korea
³Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 702-210, South Korea
⁴Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Deagu 700-721, South Korea
⁵Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 360-4, South Korea
⁶Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Deagu 700-721, South Korea

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Positron-emitting radioactive isotope-labeled gold nanomaterials are suitable imaging agents in biomedical imaging owing to their high sensitivity, straightforward clinical translation, adequate information regarding clinical safety, and their application in another new imaging modality, Cerenkov luminescent imaging. This study aimed to investigate the potential application of PEGylated crushed gold shell @ radioiodine-labeled core nanoparticles (PEG-124I-Au@AuCBs) in detecting sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in mice in vivo, using the dual imaging modality of positron emission tomography and Cerenkov luminescence imaging (PET/CLI). PEG-124I-Au@AuCBs were non-toxic and did not affect cellular function in normal and immune cells. In vivo PET imaging revealed the selective accumulation of PEG 124IAu@AuCBs in SLNs proximal to the site of injection 1 h after injection and radioactivity was detected from the SLN until 24 h. Consistently, the SLNs were also visualized using in vivo CLI at 24 h, consistent with the findings of ex vivo bio-distribution and histological analyses. Therefore, PEG-124I-Au@AuCBs are suitable multimodal contrast agents for in vivo SLN mapping in pre- or intraoperative guidance.

Keywords:Gold nanomaterial;Iodine-124;Radioactive imaging tracers;Positron emission tomography;Cerenkov luminescent imaging;Sentinel lymph node mapping

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[2] Rodier JF, Velten M, Wilt M, Martel P, Ferron G, Vaini-Elies V, Mignotte H, Bremond A, Classe JM, Dravet F, J. Clin. Oncol., 25, 3664 (2007)

[3] Jung SY, Kim SK, Kim SW, Kwon Y, Lee ES, Kang HS, Ko KL, Shin KH, Lee KS, Park IH, Ann. Surg. Oncol., 21, 1254 (2014)

[4] Murawa D, Hirche C, Dresel S, Hunerbein M, Br. J. Surg., 96, 1289 (2009)

[5] Antaris AL, Chen H, Cheng K, Sun Y, Hong GS, Qu CR, Diao S, Deng ZX, Hu XM, Zhang B, Zhang XD, Yaghi OK, Alamparambil ZR, Hong XC, Cheng Z, Dai HJ, Nat. Mater., 15(2), 235 (2016)

[6] Yoshida M, Kubota K, Kuroda J, Ohta K, Nakamura T, Saito J, Kobayashi M, Sato T, Beck Y, Kitagawa Y, J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 27, 29 (2012)

[7] Cousins A, Thompson SK, Wedding AB, Thierry B, Biotechnol. Adv., 32, 269 (2014)

[8] Hardman R, Environ. Health Perspect., 165 (2006).

[9] Zhang T, Stilwell JL, Gerion D, Ding L, Elboudwarej O, Cooke PA, Gray JW, Alivisatos AP, Chen FF, Nano Lett., 6, 800 (2006)

[10] Gambhir SS, Nat. Rev. Cancer, 2, 683 (2002)

[11] Massoud TF, Gambhir SS, Genes Dev., 17, 545 (2003)

[12] Weissleder R, Science, 312, 1168 (2006)

[13] Rudin M, Weissleder R, Nat. Rev. Drug Discov., 2, 123 (2003)

[14] Robertson R, Germanos MS, Li C, Mitchell GS, Cherry SR, Silva MD, Phys. Med. Biol., 54, N355 (2009)

[15] Ruggiero A, Holland JP, Lewis JS, Grimm J, J. Nucl. Med., 51, 1123 (2010)

[16] Liu H, Zhang X, Xing B, Han P, Gambhir SS, Cheng Z, Small, 6, 1087 (2010)

[17] Mitchell GS, Gill RK, Boucher DL, Li C, Cherry SR, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci., 369, 4605 (2011)

[18] Lim DK, Jeon KS, Hwang JH, Kim H, Kwon S, Suh YD, Nam JM, Nat. Nanotechnol., 6(7), 452 (2011)

[19] Morales-Avila E, Ferro-Flores G, Ocampo-Garcia BE, De Leon-Rodriguez LM, Santos-Cuevas CL, Garcia-Becerra R, Medina LA, Gomez-Olivan L, Bioconjug. Chem., 22, 913 (2011)

[20] Frellsen AF, Hansen AE, Jølck RI, Kempen PJ, Severin GW, Rasmussen PH, Kjær A, Jensen AT, Andresen TL, ACS Nano, 10, 9887 (2016)

[21] Kim YH, Jeon J, Hong SH, Rhim WK, Lee YS, Youn H, Chung JK, Lee MC, Lee DS, Kang KW, Small, 7, 2052 (2011)

[22] Boisselier E, Astruc D, Chem. Soc. Rev., 38, 1759 (2009)

[23] Ghosh P, Han G, De M, Kim CK, Rotello VM, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 60, 1307 (2008)

[24] Bardhan R, Lal S, Joshi A, Halas NJ, Accounts Chem. Res., 44, 936 (2011)

[25] Zhao Y, Sultan D, Detering L, Cho S, Sun G, Pierce R, Wooley KL, Liu Y, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 53, 156 (2014)

[26] Sun X, Huang X, Yan X, Wang Y, Guo J, Jacobson O, Liu D, Szajek LP, Zhu W, Niu G, ACS Nano, 8, 8438 (2014)

[27] Sokolov K, Follen M, Aaron J, Pavlova I, Malpica A, Lotan R, Richards-Kortum R, Cancer Res., 63, 1999 (2003)

[28] Li J, Zhuang Z, Jiang B, Zhao P, Lin C, Nanomedicine, 10, 1019 (2015)

[29] Sun X, Cai W, Chen X, Accounts Chem. Res., 48, 286 (2015)

[30] Dai L, Gu N, Chen BA, Marriott G, Oncotarget, 7, 21076 (2016)

[31] Shukla R, Chanda N, Zambre A, Upendran A, Katti K, Kulkarni RR, Nune SK, Casteel SW, Smith CJ, Vimal J, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A, 109, 12426 (2012)

[32] Lee SB, Kumar D, Li Y, Lee IK, Cho SJ, Kim SK, Lee SW, Lee J, Jeon YH, J. Nanobiotechnol., 16, 41 (2018)

[33] Lee SB, Lee SW, Jeong SY, Yoon G, Cho SJ, Kim SK, Lee IK, Ahn BC, Lee J, Jeon YH, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 9, 8480 (2017)