Electrochimica Acta, Vol.299, 914-925, 2019
Nanostructured vanadium tri-oxides, as a long life and high performance anode for sodium-ion battery
Choice of hard carbon may not be an ideal selection in rechargeable sodium-ion battery anode when the performance is looked at a higher rate and longer cycle life. Herein, we report vanadium tri-oxides (V2O3) with different morphology produced by one step reduction process at a fixed temperature as a power capable sodium-ion battery anode. The comparison study of these different morphologies of V2O3 electrodes shows the porous hollow nanotube V2O3 electrode display better electrochemical performance against sodium metal in terms of high specific capacity, higher rate capability with extraordinary cycling stability without incorporating any graphene or carbonaceous materials to it. This porous hollow nanotube exhibits the 2nd cycle reversible capacity of ca. 318 mAh g(-1) at a charging rate of 100 mA g(-1) and it can even sustain up to 5300 cycles with 90% capacity retention. The average Coulombic efficiency was maintained at 99.94% with a very high current rate of 2000 mA g(-1). We further investigate the sodiation mechanism by cyclic voltammetry and XANES technique in details. The study reveals that with suitable morphology and appropriate cell design can bring this V2O3 material as a promising anode in future sodium-ion battery technology. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords:Anode;High-rate performance;Mechanism of sodium intercalation;Nanostructured materials;Vanadium tri-oxides;Sodium-ion battery