Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data, Vol.63, No.12, 4669-4681, 2018
Solubility Measurement and Thermodynamic Properties of Levetiracetam in Pure and Mixed Solvents
In this work, the solidliquid equilibrium for levetiracetam in 10 neat solvents (methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, acetone, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane, toluene, and cyclohexane) and binary liquid mixtures (ethanol + ethyl acetate) was measured by using a static gravimetric method at temperatures T = 283.15323.15 K under pressure of 101.2 kPa. In general, the equilibrium solubility was highest in methanol and lowest in cyclohexane. The modified Apelblat equation, ?h equation, Wilson model, and NRTL model were used to correlate the solubility data in monosolvents; and the JouybanAcree model, vant HoffJouybanAcree model, and ApelblatJouybanAcree model were used to correlate the experiment data in the binary solvent mixtures. Compared with the results of the above models, the calculated solubility provided good results with the experimental data. Consequently, for the monosolvents, the values of root-mean-square deviation and relative average deviation were not exceeding 9.91 X 10(4) and 2.50%, respectively; and for the binary solvent mixtures, 2.75 X 10(4) and 0.80%. Furthermore, the thermodynamic properties of levetiracetam in monosolvents were calculated. From the analysis results, the dissolution process of levetiracetam was an endothermic, spontaneous, and entropy driven process. It is crucially important to understand the solubility and thermodynamic properties of levetiracetam in drug development. In particular, purification, recrystallization, and formulation development of levetiracetam in industry were effected by its solubility values.