One dimensional ferroelectric materials have important applications in the field of micro-nanoelectronic devices. In this work, three kinds of ferroelectric niobates (KNbO3, KSr2Nb5O15, K0.5Bi2.5Nb2O9 ) with different structures (perovskite, tetragonal tungsten bronze-TTB, bismuth niobates layer structure-BNLS) have been synthesized by using the one dimensional Nb2O5 as precursor through topochemical molten salt synthesis (TMSS) method. Among them, perovskite-KNbO3 can maintain the one dimensional morphology of the Nb2O5 template. TTB-KSr2Nb5O15 partly inherited the template morphology, but BNLS-K0.5Bi2.5Nb2O9 had the totally different morphology with the Nb2O5 precursors. Through the comparison and analysis of the crystal structure of the three target noibates, it indicated that the inheritance of template's morphology depended on the product's reassembly modes of the [NbO6] octahedron. Perovskite type ANbO(3) (A = K, Na, Li) with the corner-shared [NbO6] octahedron was most conducive to the succession of the morphology of the Nb2O5 template in the three products. Relevant results can help us to choose templates and target products more rationally for synthesis of one dimensional nanomaterials through TMSS method.