Structure and facet control are considered to be effective routes to enhance catalytic performance. We successfully synthesized hollow multi-shelled structures (HoMSs) of a Co3O4 dodecahedron by adopting metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as templates and using the sequential templating approach (STA). Importantly, owing to the topological arrangement of metal atoms in MOFs, the Co3O4 nanocrystals in HoMSs are assembled in the desired orientation, forming a unique shell with dominant exposure of (111) facets. This process is defined as "genetic inheritance" in this work. In addition, these exposed facets possess high activity for photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Adding this to the properties inherited from HoMSs, i.e., multiple interfaces and strong solar light harvesting, these Co3O4 HoMSs present high catalytic activity for CO2 photoreduction. The catalytic activity of quadruple-shelled (QS) Co3O4 HoMSs was about 5 and 3 times higher than that of Co3O4 nanoparticles and Co3O4 HoMSs without facet control, respectively.