Minerals Engineering, Vol.130, 156-164, 2019
Pyrometallurgical processing of a low copper content concentrate based on a thermodynamic assessment
Concentrates containing sulphide minerals are an important raw material source in the extractive metallurgy of nonferrous metals. This study aims to evaluate the pyrometallurgical processing of a sulphide concentrate with a relatively low copper content through an alternative methodology (roasting-leaching route), in order to selectively obtain CuSO4 and Fe2O3 for the chemical industry. The thermodynamic behaviour of the concentrate was evaluated in order to identify the conditions to fulfil the aforementioned selectivity. The presence of SO2(g) in the reaction system could be responsible for increasing CuSO4 stability without compromising FeSO4 dissociation. Subsequently, experiments were carried out to evaluate the temperature and chemical composition of the atmosphere. Both obtained products and raw materials were characterized using common techniques (e.g. X-Ray Diffraction and SEM/EDS). Finally, some roasting products were submitted to water solubilisation tests in order to verify, in practice, the selective conversion of copper and iron sulphides into CuSO4 and Fe2O3. The proposed methodology allowed for complete separation of Cu from Fe, roasting experiments conducted at 873 K (600 degrees C) and 923 K (650 degrees C). This was observed in praxis through the formation of a blue liquor, typically copper sulphate, and a brown solid residue which was deprived of Cu, as verified by the applied characterization methods.