In this study, multistage separation processes were introduced into fine coal beneficiation in a vibrated gas-fluidized bed in order to improve the separation performance. The changes of coal properties, operational parameters, and density segregation characteristics during multistage separation were systematically studied. The results showed that with an increase in the separation stage, the range of density was narrowed down and the required input energy decreased. The results showed that with the same yield, the ash content of clean coal decreased from 12.53% for single separation stage to 8.91% for three separation stages, indicating a significant improvement on separation accuracy.