Direct numerical simulations of an aggregation system composed of monosized spherical particles in homogeneous isotropic turbulence have been performed using Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). The effects of hydrodynamics on the aggregation process were considered by directly resolving the disturbance flows around finite-size solid particles using an interpolated bounce-back scheme. A nonuniform time-dependent large-scale stochastic forcing scheme was implemented within the mesoscopic multiple-relaxation-time LBM approach to maintain turbulence intensity at targeted levels. To simulate particle interactions, the non-contact surface force and the contact force were taken into account using the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory and the soft-sphere model, respectively. This interface-resolved direct numerical simulation (IR-DNS) combined with the well-known DLVO theory was employed to obtain an insight into the aggregation process of micron-size particles. Specifically, the model was used to study the effects of solid volume fraction on aggregate growth. Aggregates of larger sizes formed in local regions of higher concentration of particles due to higher encountering probability between particles. The effects of aggregating particles of different volume fractions on the statistically stationary homogeneous isotropic turbulent flow were investigated. It was found that the presence of particles attenuated the turbulent kinetic energy at large scales and augmented the kinetic energy at the small scales. This effect is more apparent with increasing volume concentration of particles. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.