Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.75, 187-193, July, 2019
Effect of lateral confinement on crystallization behavior of a small-molecule semiconductor during capillary force lithography for use in high-performance OFETs
E-mail:, ,
In the current work, we carry out an analysis on micro-patterned 6,13-bi (triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene (TIPS-pentacene) crystals grown by capillary force lithography (CFL) to investigate the effect of lateral confinement on the crystallization. From systematic analysis on the crystal orientation and crystallinity depending on the line widths of the crystal patterns, it is revealed that crystals grown from highly confined conditions, namely from patterns with line widths of 5 mm, are observed to be more uniaxially aligned, have much fewer grain boundaries, and yield better field-effect mobility (μFET) as high as 1.66 cm2/(V s) in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) compared to the wider line widths. These results demonstrate that the lateral confinement during CFL is able to promote the growth of wellaligned TIPS-pentacene crystals with high crystallinity. Thus, we expect our systematic work with CFL, a type of soft lithography, could provide insight for OFETs to step toward their integration in commercial devices.
Keywords:Capillary force lithography;Soft lithography;6,13-Bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene;(TIPS-pentacene);Patterning;Organic field-effect transistor
- Dimitrakopoulos CD, Malenfant PRL, Adv. Mater., 14(2), 99 (2002)
- Yan H, Chen Z, Zheng Y, Newman C, Quinn JR, Dotz F, Kastler M, Facchetti A, Nature, 457, 679 (2009)
- Li J, Chang JJ, Tan HS, Jiang H, Chen X, Chen Z, Zhang J, Wu J, Chem. Sci., 3, 846 (2012)
- Yi HT, Payne MM, Anthony JE, Podzorov V, Nat. Commun., 3, 1259 (2012)
- Diao Y, Tee BCK, Giri G, Xu J, Kim DH, Becerril HA, Stoltenberg RM, Lee TH, Xue G, Mannsfeld SCB, Bao ZN, Nat. Mater., 12(7), 665 (2013)
- Tang QX, Jiang L, Tong YH, Li HX, Liu YL, Wang ZH, Hu WP, Liu YQ, Zhu DB, Adv. Mater., 20(15), 2947 (2008)
- Wang CH, Hsieh CY, Hwang JC, Adv. Mater., 23(14), 1630 (2011)
- Minemawari H, Yamada T, Matsui H, Tsutsumi J, Haas S, Chiba R, Kumai R, Hasegawa T, Nature, 475 (2011)
- Kim K, Jang M, Lee M, An TK, Anthony JE, Kim SH, Yang H, Park CE, J. Mater. Chem. C, 4, 6996 (2016)
- Kim K, Rho Y, Kim Y, Kim SH, Hahm SG, Park CE, Adv. Mater., 28(16), 3209 (2016)
- Zhang XJ, Jie JS, Deng W, Shang QX, Wang JC, Wang H, Chen XF, Zhang XH, Adv. Mater., 28(13), 2475 (2016)
- Ling MM, Bao Z, Chem. Mater., 16, 4824 (2004)
- Giri G, Verploegen E, Mannsfeld SCB, Atahan-Evrenk S, Kim DH, Lee SY, Becerril HA, Aspuru-Guzik A, Toney MF, Bao ZA, Nature, 480(7378), 504 (2011)
- Zheng XY, Geng H, Yi YP, Li QK, Jiang YQ, Wang D, Shuai ZG, Adv. Funct. Mater., 24(35), 5531 (2014)
- Ji D, Jiang L, Jiang L, Fu X, Dong H, Yu J, Hu W, Chem. Commun., 50, 8328 (2014)
- He D, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Xu R, Nan H, Liu J, Yao J, Wang Z, Yuan S, Li Y, Shi Y, et al., Nat. Commun., 5, 5162 (2014)
- Menard E, Meitl MA, Sun YG, Park JU, Shir DJL, Nam YS, Jeon S, Rogers JA, Chem. Rev., 107(4), 1117 (2007)
- Nakayama K, Uno M, Uemura T, Namba N, Kanaoka Y, Kato T, Katayama M, Mitsui C, Okamoto T, Takeya J, Adv. Mater. Inter., 1, 130012 (2014)
- Suh KY, Lee HH, Adv. Funct. Mater., 12(6-7), 405 (2002)
- Qin D, Xia Y, Whitesides GM, Nat. Protoc., 5, 491 (2010)
- Wisser FM, Schumm B, Mondin G, Grothe J, Kaskel S, J. Mater. Chem. C, 3, 2717 (2015)
- Rogers JA, Dodabalapur A, Bao Z, Katz HE, Appl. Phys. Lett., 75, 1010 (1999)
- Kumar A, Whitesides GM, Appl. Phys. Lett., 63, 2002 (1993)
- Beh WS, Kim IT, Qin D, Xia YN, Whitesides GM, Adv. Mater., 11(12), 1038 (1999)
- Jo PS, Vailionis A, Park YM, Salleo A, Adv. Mater., 24(24), 3269 (2012)
- Yu XH, Wang Z, Yu SY, Ma DG, Han YC, Appl. Surf. Sci., 257(22), 9264 (2011)
- Zhao XM, Xia YN, Whitesides GM, Adv. Mater., 8(10), 837 (1996)
- Bruinink CM, Peter M, Maury PA, De Boer M, Kuipers L, Huskens J, Reinhoudt DN, Adv. Funct. Mater., 16(12), 1555 (2006)
- He ZR, Xiao K, Durant W, Hensley DK, Anthony JE, Hong KL, Kilbey SM, Chen JH, Li DW, Adv. Funct. Mater., 21(19), 3617 (2011)
- Bae I, Kang SJ, Shin YJ, Park YJ, Kim RH, Mathevet F, Park C, Adv. Mater., 23(30), 3398 (2011)
- Nakayama K, Hirose Y, Soeda J, Yoshizumi M, Uemura T, Uno M, Li WY, Kang MJ, Yamagishi M, Okada Y, Miyazaki E, Nakazawa Y, Nakao A, Takimiya K, Takeya J, Adv. Mater., 23(14), 1626 (2011)
- Podzorov V, Nat. Mater., 12(11), 947 (2013)
- Watanabe S, Fujita T, Ribierre JC, Takaishi K, Muto T, Adachi C, Uchiyama M, Aoyama T, Matsumoto M, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 8, 17574 (2016)
- Chua LL, Zaumseil J, Chang JF, Ou ECW, Ho PKH, Sirringhaus H, Friend RH, Nature, 434, 194 (2005)
- Kim K, Cho J, Jhon H, Jeon J, Kang M, Park CE, Lee J, Ahn TK, Nanotechnology, 28, 205304 (2017)
- Akkerman HB, Li H, Bao Z, Org. Electron., 13, 2056 (2012)
- Giri G, Park S, Vosgueritchian M, Shulaker MM, Bao ZN, Adv. Mater., 26(3), 487 (2014)
- Sele CW, Kjellander BKC, Niesen B, Thornton MJ, van der Putten JBPH, Myny K, Wondergem HJ, Moser A, Resel R, van Breemen AJJM, van Aerle N, Heremans P, Anthony JE, Gelinck GH, Adv. Mater., 21(48), 4926 (2009)
- Kim K, Bae J, Noh SH, Jang J, Kim SH, Park CE, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 8, 5492 (2017)
- Choi D, Ahn B, Kim SH, Hong K, Ree M, Park CE, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 4, 117 (2012)
- Chang JJ, Chi CY, Zhang J, Wu JS, Adv. Mater., 25(44), 6442 (2013)
- Su Y, Gao X, Liu J, Xing R, Han Y, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 15, 14396 (2013)
- Choi HH, Cho K, Frisbie D, Sirringhaus H, Podzorov V, Nat. Mater., 17, 2 (2018)
- Rigas GP, Payne MM, Anthony JE, Horton PN, Castro FA, Shkunov M, Nat. Commun., 7, 13531 (2016)
- Yang S, Park S, Bintinger J, Bonnassieux Y, Anthony J, Kymissis I, Adv. Electron. Mater., 4, 170053 (2018)
- Hwang JK, Cho S, Dang JM, Kwak EB, Song K, Moon J, Sung MM, Nat. Nanotechnol., 5(10), 742 (2010)
- Jang J, Nam S, Im K, Hur J, Cha SN, Kim J, Son HB, Suh H, Loth MA, Anthony JE, Park JJ, Park CE, Kim JM, Kim K, Adv. Funct. Mater., 22(5), 1005 (2012)
- Park KS, Cho B, Baek J, Hwang JK, Lee H, Sung MM, Adv. Funct. Mater., 23, 4776 (2013)