코코넛 오일로부터 유래된 당계 비이온 계면활성제 합성 및 계면 특성 연구

조선희; 이예진; 박기호; 임종주; SeonHui Jo; YeJin Lee; KiHo Park; JongChoo Lim

Applied Chemistry for Engineering, Vol.30, No.4, 435-444, August, 2019

DOI10.14478/ace.2019.1037 Export Citation

코코넛 오일로부터 유래된 당계 비이온 계면활성제 합성 및 계면 특성 연구

Synthesis of Saccharide Nonionic Biosurfactants from Coconut Oil and Characterization of Their Interfacial Properties

조선희, 이예진, 박기호, 임종주 ^†

동국대학교 공과대학 화공생물공학과

SeonHui Jo, YeJin Lee, KiHo Park, and JongChoo Lim^†

Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea

E-mail:

초록

본 연구에서는 코코넛 오일을 원료로 사용하여 2종의 비이온 당계 생체계면활성제 GP-6 및 GP-7을 합성하였으며, FT-IR, 1H-NMR 및 13C-NMR 분광광도계를 이용하여 구조를 규명하였다. 합성한 계면활성제에 대하여 임계 마이셀 농도, 정적 및 동적 표면장력, 계면장력, 유화 작용, 습윤성 및 거품 안정성 등과 같은 계면 물성을 측정한 결과, GP-6 및 GP-7 모두 우수한 계면 특성을 가진 것으로 평가되었다. 또한 Terg-o-tometer를 사용하여 평가한 세척력 측정 결과에 의하면 GP-6 및 GP-7 모두 세제 제품에서 사용되는 기존 계면활성제들과 비교하여 양호한 세척력을 나타내었다. 생분해성, 급성 경구 독성, 급성 피부 자극 및 급성 안자극 검사 결과, GP-6 및 GP-7 모두 저 독성, 저자극성 및 우수한 환경친화성을 가지고 있어서 세제 제품에 적용 가능함을 나타냈으며, 특히 GP-6가 GP-7보다 계면활성이 우수하고 저자극성이고 쉽게 생분해 될 수 있기 때문에 세제 제조에 더 적합할 것으로 판단되었다.

In this study, two types of nonionic saccharide biosurfactants, GP-6 and GP-7, were prepared from coconut oil and the structure of resulting products was investigated by FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectrophotometer. The interfacial properties of GP-6 and GP-7 were found to be excellent from interfacial property measurements such as critical micelle concentration, static and dynamic surface tensions, interfacial tension, emulsification power, wetting property and foam stability. Detergency test evaluated by using a Terg-o-tometer showed moderately good detergency compared to that of conventional surfactants used in detergent formulations. Biodegradability, acute oral toxicity, acute dermal irritation and acute eye irritation tests revealed that both surfactants possess excellent mildness and superior environmental compatibility indicating the potential applicability to detergent products formulations. In particular, GP-6 can be considered as a strong candidate in detergent formulations since it is more surface active, mild and readily biodegradable than GP-7.

Keywords:Saccharide biosurfactant;Coconut oil;Interfacial property;Environmental compatibility;Detergent

[References]

Cutler WG, Kissa E, Detergency: Theory and Technology, (1987).
Schwartz AM, Surface Colloid Science, Vol. 5, 195, Wiley, New York, USA (1972).
Miller CA, Neogi P, Interfacial Phenomena: Equilibrium and Dynamic Effects, (1985).
Vijayakumar S, Saravanan V, Res. J. Microbiol., 10, 181 (2015)
Holmberg K, Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci., 6, 148 (2001)
Zhang QQ, Cai BX, Xu WJ, Gang HZ, Liu JF, Yang SZ, Mu BZ, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 483, 87 (2015)
Yoon YK, Choi KS, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 5(3), 451 (1994)
Haba E, Espuny MJ, Busquets M, Manresa A, J. Appl. Microbiol., 88(3), 379 (2000)
Abe Y, Fujiwara M, Sugihara G, Kim JD, KIC News, 7, 3 (2004)
Matthies W, Jackwerth B, Krachter HU, Alkyl Polyglucosides, 169-177, VCH, Weinheim, Germany (1997).
Lee SM, Lee JY, Yu HP, Lim JC, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 461, 1 (2017)
Lim JC, Lee MC, Lim TK, Kim BJ, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 446, 80 (2014)
Lim JC, Park JM, Park CJ, Lee BM, Colloid Polym. Sci., 291, 855 (2013)
Schroder V, Behrend O, Schubert H, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 202(2), 334 (1998)
Souilem S, Kobayashi I, Neves MA, Jlaiel L, Isoda H, Sayadi S, Nakajima M, Food Res. Int., 62, 467 (2014)
Lim JC, Kang EK, Park JM, Kang HC, Lee BM, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 18(4), 1406 (2012)
Lim JC, Chung DW, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 125(2), 888 (2012)
Miller CA, Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci., 13, 177 (2008)
Zhang H, Miller CA, Garrett PR, Raney KH, J. Surfactants Deterg., 8, 99 (2005)
KS, KSM 2714 Testing method for biodegradability of synthetic detergent (2007).
Yea DN, Lee SM, Jo SH, Yu HP, Lim JC, J. Surfactants Deterg., 21, 541 (2018)
Lim JC, Han DS, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 389, 166 (2011)
OECD/OCDE 404 Guideline for testing of chemicals: Acute dermal irritation/corrosion (2015).
United Nations, Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), Rev. 5 (2013).
OECD/OCDE 405 Guideline for testing of chemicals: Acute eye irritation/corrosion (2012).
Chung DW, Lim JC, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 336, 35 (2009)
Kang EK, Lee BM, Hwang HA, Lim JC, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 17(5-6), 845 (2011)
Zhang H, Miller CA, Garrett PR, Raney KH, J. Surfactants Deterg., 8, 99 (2005)
Lim JC, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 15(2), 257 (2009)
Ghosh M, Godderis L, Mutat. Res., 770, 84 (2016)
Kay JH, Calandra JC, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 13, 281 (1962)

[Related Articles]

[1] Cutler WG, Kissa E, Detergency: Theory and Technology, (1987).

[2] Schwartz AM, Surface Colloid Science, Vol. 5, 195, Wiley, New York, USA (1972).

[3] Miller CA, Neogi P, Interfacial Phenomena: Equilibrium and Dynamic Effects, (1985).

[4] Vijayakumar S, Saravanan V, Res. J. Microbiol., 10, 181 (2015)

[5] Holmberg K, Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci., 6, 148 (2001)

[6] Zhang QQ, Cai BX, Xu WJ, Gang HZ, Liu JF, Yang SZ, Mu BZ, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 483, 87 (2015)

[7] Yoon YK, Choi KS, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 5(3), 451 (1994)

[8] Haba E, Espuny MJ, Busquets M, Manresa A, J. Appl. Microbiol., 88(3), 379 (2000)

[9] Abe Y, Fujiwara M, Sugihara G, Kim JD, KIC News, 7, 3 (2004)

[10] Matthies W, Jackwerth B, Krachter HU, Alkyl Polyglucosides, 169-177, VCH, Weinheim, Germany (1997).

[11] Lee SM, Lee JY, Yu HP, Lim JC, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 461, 1 (2017)

[12] Lim JC, Lee MC, Lim TK, Kim BJ, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 446, 80 (2014)

[13] Lim JC, Park JM, Park CJ, Lee BM, Colloid Polym. Sci., 291, 855 (2013)

[14] Schroder V, Behrend O, Schubert H, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 202(2), 334 (1998)

[15] Souilem S, Kobayashi I, Neves MA, Jlaiel L, Isoda H, Sayadi S, Nakajima M, Food Res. Int., 62, 467 (2014)

[16] Lim JC, Kang EK, Park JM, Kang HC, Lee BM, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 18(4), 1406 (2012)

[17] Lim JC, Chung DW, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 125(2), 888 (2012)

[18] Miller CA, Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci., 13, 177 (2008)

[19] Zhang H, Miller CA, Garrett PR, Raney KH, J. Surfactants Deterg., 8, 99 (2005)

[20] KS, KSM 2714 Testing method for biodegradability of synthetic detergent (2007).

[21] Yea DN, Lee SM, Jo SH, Yu HP, Lim JC, J. Surfactants Deterg., 21, 541 (2018)

[22] Lim JC, Han DS, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 389, 166 (2011)

[23] OECD/OCDE 404 Guideline for testing of chemicals: Acute dermal irritation/corrosion (2015).

[24] United Nations, Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), Rev. 5 (2013).

[25] OECD/OCDE 405 Guideline for testing of chemicals: Acute eye irritation/corrosion (2012).

[26] Chung DW, Lim JC, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 336, 35 (2009)

[27] Kang EK, Lee BM, Hwang HA, Lim JC, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 17(5-6), 845 (2011)

[28] Zhang H, Miller CA, Garrett PR, Raney KH, J. Surfactants Deterg., 8, 99 (2005)

[29] Lim JC, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 15(2), 257 (2009)

[30] Ghosh M, Godderis L, Mutat. Res., 770, 84 (2016)

[31] Kay JH, Calandra JC, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 13, 281 (1962)