International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol.44, No.25, 12818-12828, 2019
Technological aspects of an auxiliary power unit with internal reforming methanol fuel cell
Increasing source runtime, speeding up the transient response, while minimizing weight, volume and cost of the power supply system are key requirements for portable, mobile and off-grid applications of fuel cells. In this respect, Internal Reforming Methanol Fuel Cell (IRMFC) modules were designed, constructed and tested based on an innovative double reformer (DRef) configuration and metallic bipolar plates (BPPs) with unique arrangement. Recently developed cross-linked Advent TPS (R) high-temperature membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) were employed for fuel cell operation at 210 degrees C. Taking into account the requirement for a light-weight and low-volume stack, Cu-based methanol reforming catalyst were supported on carbon papers, resulting in ultra-thin reformers. The proposed configuration offered a significant decrease in the weight and volume of the whole power system, as compared with previous voluminous foam-based modules. Moreover, specifically designed bipolar plates were made of coated Al-metal alloys, which proved to be stable in the strong acidic environment at elevated temperatures. The prototype 32MEAs-32DRef IRMFC stack of 100 W including home-made insulation casing, was integrated for operation at 200-210 degrees C and at 0.2 A cm(-2), demonstrating the functionality of the unit. A power output of 100.7 W (3.14 W per cell; 0.114 W cm(-2)) was achieved in the last run following several on-off cycles. The volumetric power density of the IRMFC stack including insulation and casing is around 30 W per lt, being among the highest reported either in the case of portable or stationary applications. Overall, the observed stability of reformers and bipolar plates was satisfactory within the timeframe of the work undertaken. Specific targets for improvement of the efficiency were identified, and the main drawback had to do with low thermal and mechanical stability of the membranes under start-up/shut-down transient operation. (C) 2018 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords:Hydrogen;Steam reforming;Internal reforming;High temperature PEM fuel cell;Methanol reforming catalyst