Bioelectrochemical systems are devices where organic matter (e.g. wastewater) is oxidized through exoelectrogenic bacteria; this process is a new alternative to energy crisis and to mitigate climate change. If the products of such oxidation are electrons they are called microbial fuel cell (MFC), otherwise if the product is hydrogen these devices are called microbial electrolysis cells (MEC) Mostly, MEC's studies have reported double chamber designs, where the anode and cathode are separated by an ion exchange membrane. Nafion is a proton exchange membrane widely used to study bioelectrochemical devices; however, to our knowledge there are no reports of bipolar membranes (BPM) in these systems. In this study, a double-chambered MEC was constructed to evaluate the performance of the system using Nafion 117, and FUMASEP((R))-FBM bipolar membrane, separately. Biofilm formation was monitored by cyclic voltammetry and open circuit potential (OCP); maximum power for MFC-Nafion and MFC-BPM were 105.1 and 3.6 mW/m(2), respectively. Hydrogen yield and COD removal were significantly different for both MEC systems. Whereas COD removal for MEC-BPM was 44.8%; MEC-Nafion exhibited a COD removal of 87.4%. Solely the latter system produced hydrogen, with a yield of 7.6%. (C) 2018 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.