The three-dimensional (3D) porous graphene hydrogel (GH) was synthetized by an environmentally friendly one-step hydrothermal reduction method. The characterization methods, such as Environmental scanning electron microscope, Contact angle, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, were used to analyze the possible reduction mechanism. In order to investigate the relationship between adsorption properties of ciprofloxacin (CIP) and moisture content, GH with different moisture contents, was synthesized via different reaction variables (initial graphene oxide concentration, proportion of reductant, temperature, and reduction time). Besides, GH synthesis parameters were also optimized using variable control methods. More importantly, the multiple adsorption mechanisms of CIP on GH was also be investigated and summarized, indicating GH possesses a promising potential in practical application. These results indicate that GH may be an efficient adsorbent for antibiotic pollutants removal in water purification.