Influence of synthesis method and melamine content of urea-melamine-formaldehyde resins to their features in cohesion, interphase, and adhesion performance

Bora Jeong; Byung-Dae Park; Valerio Causin

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.79, 87-96, November, 2019

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2019.05.017 Export Citation

Influence of synthesis method and melamine content of urea-melamine-formaldehyde resins to their features in cohesion, interphase, and adhesion performance

Bora Jeong¹, Byung-Dae Park^{1, 2, †}, and Valerio Causin³

¹Department of Wood and Paper Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
²Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
³Departimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, via Marzolo, 135131, Padova, Italy

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This study investigated impacts of the synthesis method and melamine content of urea-melamine- formaldehyde (UMF) resins to their cohesive and interphase features, and adhesion in bonding wood products. Melamine at three addition levels was simultaneously reacted with urea and formaldehyde to obtain melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) resins, while melamine at the same levels was initially reacted with formaldehyde and then with urea to prepare melamine-formaldehyde-urea (MFU) resins. As the melamine content increased, molecular weights, curing peak temperature, activation energy, bond-line thickness, E0 max, and adhesion strength of wood products increased. These results indicated that the cohesive features of these resins mainly affected the adhesion strength in wood products while the interphase features had a partial contribution to the adhesion.

Keywords:UMF resins;Synthesis method;Melamine content;Cohesion;Interphase;Adhesion

[References]

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Dunky M, Int. J. Adhes. Adhes., 18, 95 (1998)
Park BD, Kang EC, Park JY, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 101(3), 1787 (2006)
No BY, Kim MG, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 93(6), 2559 (2004)
Hse CY, Fu F, Pan H, Forest Prod. J, 58, 56 (2008)
Hse CY, Forest Prod. J, 59, 19 (2009)
Pizzi A, Mittal K, Handbook of Adhesive Technology, Marcel Dekker, New York, USA, 2003.
Gavrilovic-Grmusa I, Dunky M, Miljkovic J, Djiporovic-Momcilovic MJ, Adhes. Sci. Technol., 24, 1753 (2010)
Gavrilovic-Grmusa I, Miljkovic J, Diporpvic-Momcilovic MJ, Adhes. Sci. Technol., 24, 1437 (2010)
Gavrilovic-Grmusa I, Dunky M, Miljkovic J, Diporovic-Momcilovic M, Holzforschung, 66, 849 (2012)
Paiva NT, Pereira J, Ferra JM, Cruz P, Carvalho L, Magalhaes FD, Int. Wood Prod. J., 3, 51 (2012)
Wilson JB, Krahmer RL, In Proc 12th Int. Partic., pp.305 (1978).
Kamke FA, Lee JN, Wood Fiber Sci., 39, 205 (2007)
Johnson SE, Kamke FA, J. Adhes., 40, 47 (1992)
Pizzi A, Advanced Wood Adhesives Technology, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1994.
Dunky M, Adhesives in the Wood Industry: Handbook of Adhesive Technology, Marcel Dekker, New York, pp.887-956 2003.
Ebnesajjad S, Adhesives Technology Handbook, 2nd edition, William Andrew Inc., New York, 2008.
Jeremejeff J, Master of Science Thesis, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, 2012.
Nuryawan A, Park BD, Singh AP, Wood. Sci. Technol., 48, 889 (2014)
Nearn WT, Wood. Sci., 6, 285 (1974)
Furuno T, Imamura Y, Kajita H, Wood. Sci. Technol., 37, 349 (2004)
Laborie MPG, Salmen L, Frazier CE, J Adhes. Sci. Technol, 20, 729 (2006)
Ebewele RO, River BH, Koutsky JA, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 31, 2275 (1986)
Ebewele RO, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 58(10), 1689 (1995)
Jeong B, Park BD, J. Korean Wood Sci. Technol, 44, 913 (2016)
Jeong B, Park BD, J. Korean Wood Sci. Technol, 45, 471 (2017)
Hindeleh AB, Johnson DJ, J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys., 4, 259 (1971)
Korean Standard Association, Ordinary Plywood, KS F 3101, KSA, Seoul, 2016.
Korean Standard Association, Fiberboards, KS F 3200, KSA, Seoul, 2016.
Kim S, Kim HJ, Kim HS, Lee YK, Yang HS, J. Adhes. Sci. Technol., 20(8), 803 (2006)
Pizzi A, Wood Adhesives Chemistry and Technology, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1983.
Pizzi A, Panamgama LA, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 58(1), 109 (1995)
Prime RB, 2nd edition, Thermal Characterization of Polymeric Materials, Vol. 2, Academin Press, New York, 1997.
Samarzija-Janovic S, Javanovic V, Konstantionvic S, Markovic G, Marinovic-Cincovic MJ, Therm. Anal. Calorim., 104, 1159 (2011)
Hse CH, For. Prod. J., 21, 44 (1971)
Laborie MPG, PhD Dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, pp.214 2002.
Gao W, Du G, Ma H, Li J, Polym. Compos., 37, 2404 (2016)

[Referenced By]

[1] Meyer B, Johns WE, Woo JK, Forest Prod. J., 30, 24 (1980)

[2] Dunky M, Int. J. Adhes. Adhes., 18, 95 (1998)

[3] Park BD, Kang EC, Park JY, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 101(3), 1787 (2006)

[4] No BY, Kim MG, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 93(6), 2559 (2004)

[5] Hse CY, Fu F, Pan H, Forest Prod. J, 58, 56 (2008)

[6] Hse CY, Forest Prod. J, 59, 19 (2009)

[7] Pizzi A, Mittal K, Handbook of Adhesive Technology, Marcel Dekker, New York, USA, 2003.

[8] Gavrilovic-Grmusa I, Dunky M, Miljkovic J, Djiporovic-Momcilovic MJ, Adhes. Sci. Technol., 24, 1753 (2010)

[9] Gavrilovic-Grmusa I, Miljkovic J, Diporpvic-Momcilovic MJ, Adhes. Sci. Technol., 24, 1437 (2010)

[10] Gavrilovic-Grmusa I, Dunky M, Miljkovic J, Diporovic-Momcilovic M, Holzforschung, 66, 849 (2012)

[11] Paiva NT, Pereira J, Ferra JM, Cruz P, Carvalho L, Magalhaes FD, Int. Wood Prod. J., 3, 51 (2012)

[12] Wilson JB, Krahmer RL, In Proc 12th Int. Partic., pp.305 (1978).

[13] Kamke FA, Lee JN, Wood Fiber Sci., 39, 205 (2007)

[14] Johnson SE, Kamke FA, J. Adhes., 40, 47 (1992)

[15] Pizzi A, Advanced Wood Adhesives Technology, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1994.

[16] Dunky M, Adhesives in the Wood Industry: Handbook of Adhesive Technology, Marcel Dekker, New York, pp.887-956 2003.

[17] Ebnesajjad S, Adhesives Technology Handbook, 2nd edition, William Andrew Inc., New York, 2008.

[18] Jeremejeff J, Master of Science Thesis, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, 2012.

[19] Nuryawan A, Park BD, Singh AP, Wood. Sci. Technol., 48, 889 (2014)

[20] Nearn WT, Wood. Sci., 6, 285 (1974)

[21] Furuno T, Imamura Y, Kajita H, Wood. Sci. Technol., 37, 349 (2004)

[22] Laborie MPG, Salmen L, Frazier CE, J Adhes. Sci. Technol, 20, 729 (2006)

[23] Ebewele RO, River BH, Koutsky JA, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 31, 2275 (1986)

[24] Ebewele RO, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 58(10), 1689 (1995)

[25] Jeong B, Park BD, J. Korean Wood Sci. Technol, 44, 913 (2016)

[26] Jeong B, Park BD, J. Korean Wood Sci. Technol, 45, 471 (2017)

[27] Hindeleh AB, Johnson DJ, J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys., 4, 259 (1971)

[28] Korean Standard Association, Ordinary Plywood, KS F 3101, KSA, Seoul, 2016.

[29] Korean Standard Association, Fiberboards, KS F 3200, KSA, Seoul, 2016.

[30] Kim S, Kim HJ, Kim HS, Lee YK, Yang HS, J. Adhes. Sci. Technol., 20(8), 803 (2006)

[31] Pizzi A, Wood Adhesives Chemistry and Technology, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1983.

[32] Pizzi A, Panamgama LA, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 58(1), 109 (1995)

[33] Prime RB, 2nd edition, Thermal Characterization of Polymeric Materials, Vol. 2, Academin Press, New York, 1997.

[34] Samarzija-Janovic S, Javanovic V, Konstantionvic S, Markovic G, Marinovic-Cincovic MJ, Therm. Anal. Calorim., 104, 1159 (2011)

[35] Hse CH, For. Prod. J., 21, 44 (1971)

[36] Laborie MPG, PhD Dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, pp.214 2002.

[37] Gao W, Du G, Ma H, Li J, Polym. Compos., 37, 2404 (2016)