Large-scale and complex process systems are essentially interconnected networks. The automated operation of such process networks requires the solution of control and optimization problems in a distributed manner. In this approach, the network is decomposed into several subsystems, each of which is under the supervision of a corresponding computing agent (controller, optimizer). The agents coordinate their control and optimization decisions based on information communication among them. In recent years, algorithms and methods for distributed control and optimization are undergoing rapid development. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive, up-to-date review with perspectives and discussions on possible future directions. (C) 2018 The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China, and Chemical Industry Press Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.