Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol.58, No.36, 16379-16388, 2019
Green and Highly Efficient Strategies for the Straightforward Reduction of Carboxylic Acids to Alcohols Using Four Different and Affordable Types of Hydrogen Donors
Green, simple, and highly efficient various strategies for the straightforward reduction of carboxylic acids to corresponding alcohols have been developed by employing four different types of cost-effective hydrogen donors, namely sodium borohydride (NaBH4), ammonium formate (HCO2NH4), glycerol, and isopropanol (i-PrOH) in the presence of Fe3O4@APTMS@ZrCp2Clx ((x = 0, 1, 2)) as a robust and durable nanocatalyst under neat conditions. Also, the mentioned magnetically separable nanocatalyst was recovered and reused at least five times without significant loss in catalytic activity. In comparison with the known protocols for the direct reduction of carboxylic acids to corresponding alcohols, our current methods offer several benefits such as being straightforward (without isolation of aldehyde intermediates), mild reaction conditions, eco-friendly, short reaction times, good to excellent yields of the products, use of inexpensive hydrogen donors, recoverability, and reusability of the catalyst and so on.