Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol.120, No.47, 12264-12273, 1998
Role of alpha-helix conformation cooperating with NH center dot center dot center dot S hydrogen bond in the active site of cytochrome P-450 and chloroperoxidase : Synthesis and properties of [M-III(OEP)(Cys-helical peptide)] (M = Fe and Ga)
Heme-thiolate protein model complexes,[Fe-III(OEP)(Ac-LcXAF-LLLLL-ALFL-OMe)] {OEP = octhaethylporphinato, X = Leu (1) and Pro (2)}, having alpha-helical structure were synthesized and characterized as P-450 and CPO models. The stable ligation of cysteinyl thiolate at the axial position of model complexes was established using MCD, UV-visible, H-1 NMR, and ESI-MS. These results indicate that 1 and 2 possess high-spin 5-coordinated Fe(III) ions. The helical contents were examined by CD measurements in THF which revealed the contents of 1 and [Ga-III(OEP)(Ac-LcLAF-LLLLL-ALFL-OMe)] (3) to be both 49%, though the thiolate anion (Et4N){Ac-LC(S-)LAF-LLLLL-ALFL-OMe} (5) has the value of 57%. Thus, the alpha-helical NH ... O=C hydrogen bond network is intercepted by the NH ... S hydrogen bond between NH(Leu3) and S-gamma(Cys2). However, the helical percentages of 2 (59%) and [Ga-III(OEP)(Ac-LcPAF-LLLLL-ALFL-OMe)] (4) (57%) are similar to that of (Et4N){Ac-LC(S-)LAF-LLLLL-ALFL-OMe} (6) (52%). The NMR analysis of the solution structure of the diamagnetic Ga(III) complex 4 indicates the distances between CysS(gamma) and NH of the third residue to be 2.37 Angstrom, which is shorter than those of [Ga-III(OEP)(Z-Cys-Pro-Ala-Leu-OMe)] (2.58 Angstrom) and [Ga-III(OEP)(Z-Cys-Pro-Leu-OMe)] (3.00 Angstrom). These results show that the NH ... S hydrogen bond of 4 is shortened by alpha-helix dipole and then the alpha-helix is stabilized. The redox potentials of Fe-III/Fe-II for 1 and 2 are -0.54 and -0.55 V (vs SCE in CH2Cl2), respectively. The values are more positively shifted from those of [Fe-III(OEP)(Z-Cys-Leu-Gly-OMe)] (-0.61 V vs SCE) and [Fe-III(OEP)(Z-Cys-Pro-Leu-OMe)] (-0.68 V vs SCE). Complex 1 indicates the positive shift of only 70 mV because the Cys-Leu-Ala fragment on the N terminus breaks the alpha-helical conformation. In contrast, complex 2 has larger positive shift (130 mV) by the alpha-helical conformation cooperating with the NH ... S hydrogen bond. These data suggest that the redox reactions are regulated by the cooperating effect of the alpha-helix and the NH ... S hydrogen bonds in the native enzymes.
Keywords:NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE, CIRCULAR-DICHROISM SPECTROSCOPY;CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE, ELECTRON-TRANSFER, CLOSTRIDIUM-PASTEURIANUM;REDUCED PUTIDAREDOXIN, IRON(III) PORPHYRINS, MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE, THIOLATE COMPLEXES, ROTATING-FRAME