Given the lack of success in reducing CO2 emissions in the transport sector, synthetic fuels from CO2 and renewable electrical energy are increasingly attracting attention. For this approach known as power-to-liquid (PtL) both, conventional technologies for large-scale plants and intensified technologies for decentralized plants are considered. The article gives an overview of the current state of development and perspectives of compact plants for decentralized PtL-processes based on Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.