The formation of reversible hydrogen bonds is a promising strategy for cross-linking organosilicon elastomers, which can yield the fascinating properties. Herein, we reported a new type of self-healing silicone rubber (hydrogen bond cross-linked silicone rubber, HBSR) cross-linked by the multiple hydrogen bonds with alpha,omega-aminopropyl poly(dimethylsiloxane) and ethylene carbonate based on the nonisocyanate reaction. The multiple hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl and imino groups as well as the generated hydroxyl groups were proved by the variable temperature Fourier transform infrared analysis. This ultimately produced a hydrogen bond cross-linked network of HBSR The tensile strength of HBSR could reach to 0.52 MPa that was equal or even better than the conventional room-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber without fillers. The thermodynamic tests indicated that HBSR exhibited good thermal stability, which was not influenced by the generated hydroxyl groups. Moreover, the multiple hydrogen bonds led to a thermal-induced self-healing efficiency of 88.5% and good cyclic self-healing ability of HBSR. This study provided an alternative method to fabricate the self-healing silicone rubber with the hydrogen bond interactions. The type of silicone rubber might be applied into the soft robotics, wearable electronics, and stretchable circuit structure.