Hypothesis: The development of clothing that protects soldiers in the battlefield against wetting and chemical/biological (CB) warfare agents is of utmost importance. There are many examples in nature where the structures of some surfaces render them resistant to particular liquids. Hence, it should be possible to prepare an omniphobic textile surface that repels both water and liquid chemical warfare agents by combining a zirconium (Zr)-based porous metal-organic framework (MOF) or metal oxide and a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) to control the surface structure. Experiments: Hierarchical micro/nanostructures were generated on a textile surface by growing UIO-66-NH2 or Zr(OH)(4) on cotton fabric. This was followed by a coating of a hydrophobic aminopropylisooctyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (O-POSS) on the surface of the textile. Findings: UiO-66-NH2 or Zr(OH)(4) particles were well grown on the surface of the cotton fabric with micro/nano surface structures. Less than a monolayer coating of O-POSS preserved the surface feature of UiO-66-NH2 or Zr(OH)(4). The O-POSS coated UiO-66-NH2 on cotton fabric thus formed exhibited resistance towards wetting with water and the chemical warfare agent, sulfur mustard (HD). The static contact angles are >150 degrees for a 5 mu L water droplet and 107 degrees for a 3 mu L HD droplet. The roll-off angle is 7 degrees for a 50 mu L water droplet. Thus, this method may provide fabric developers (military or ordinary) with strategies to design and fabricate better omniphobic fabrics with optimal liquid-repellent properties. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.