The present work offered a comprehensive investigation of engine characteristics of diesel engine driven with diesel and papaya seed oil methyl ester (POME). The chemical compositions of POME were explored using FTIR and GC-MS analysis. 1% of Di-Tertiary Butyl Peroxide (DTBP) and Pyrogallol (PY) were used as ignition promoters with POME for achieving improved cetane number and enhanced ignition. In order to utilize the maximum available energy in the fuel thermal barrier coating was attempted. Partially Stabilized Zirconia coating on combustion chamber components leads to diminished heat loss from engine. The aim of the present experimentation was to analyse the consequence of papaya seed oil biodiesel with presence of ignition promoter in coated and uncoated engine characteristics. In PSZ coated engine, POME and PY blend showed 3.15% of increased thermal efficiency with 2.17% of declined fuel consumption. Reduced emissions were noticed with POME and PY blend in PSZ coated engine. Superior combustion efficiency, in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate and combustion duration were witnessed with POME and PY blend in coated engine due to short ignition delay. The practice of using ignition promoter-treated biodiesel in thermally coated engine was said to be the prominent method for achieving enhanced engine characteristics. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.