Coalbed methane (CBM), known as an unconventional gas resource, can be used as a high-energy fuel; however, the concentration of methane is critical to its utilization approach. This review focuses on the adsorbents and technologies that are used for adsorption and enrichment of methane from low concentration gas mixture. Some familiar porous materials are summarized, together with the industrialized technologies commonly used in gas adsorption field. Activated carbons are suggested to be the preferred adsorbent with high performance/cost ratio especially in pressure swing adsorption. Finally, an adsorption and enrichment system for low concentration CBM is proposed, indicating excellent application potential.