Ionic liquid (IL), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM]PF6) as a new and environmentally friendly diluent was introduced to prepare poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS). Phase diagram of PVDF/[BMIM]PF6 was measured. The effects of polymer concentration and quenching temperature on the morphologies, properties, and performances of the PVDF membranes were investigated. When the polymer concentration was 15 wt%, the pure water flux of the fabricated membrane was up to nearly 2000 L.m(-2).h(-1), along with adequate mechanical strength. With the increasing of PVDF concentration and quenching temperature, mean pore size and water permeability of the membrane decreased. SEM results showed that PVDF membranes manufactured by ionic liquid (BMImPF6) presented spherulite structure. And the PVDF membranes were represented as 13 phase by XRD and FTIR characterization. It provides a new way to prepare PVDF membranes with piezoelectric properties. (C) 2020 The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China, and Chemical Industry Press Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.