The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the chelating mineral on propionic acid, calcium or sodium on the composition, dynamics and richness of the intestinal microbiota of a native silver catfish Rhamdia quelen through high-throughput sequencing (HTS). A total of 225 fish (8.43 +/- 0.18 g) were distributed in tanks, 15 fish per tank in five groups with three replicates each: Control, Ca-propionate 0.25% (Ca-0.25%) Ca-propionate 1% (Ca-1%), Na-propionate 0.25% (Na-0.25%) and Na-propionate 1% (Na-1%). The feed was provided four times a day for 60 days. After experimental period, the fish were fasted for 24 h and the intestine was aseptically collected, pooled by treatment, and fixed in pure absolute ethanol for subsequent DNA extraction and HTS. The HTS showed that the supplementation of the propionic acid chelated to the mineral calcium or sodium in the different concentrations increased the operational taxonomic units and richness in comparison to control group. The main phyla found were Fusobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroides. Both the fusobacteria and the genus Cetobacterium, especially C. somerae, were positively modulated with Ca-0.25% and Na-1% supplementation. It can be emphasized that supplementation with calcium or sodium propionate at different concentrations changed the natural microbiota of R. quelen.