Rubber seed oil was chosen as the raw material. Then, the structure of the rubber seed oil was obtained by GC-MS and FTIR analyses. The pyrolysis characteristics of rubber seed oil were investigated by the TG-FTIR analysis method. The Coats-Redfern model was used to analyze the kinetics and calculate the activation energy of rubber seed oil pyrolysis. The pyrolysis products of rubber seed oil under constant temperature were studied in a fixed bed pyrolysis system. The results show that the pyrolysis of rubber seed oil was divided into three steps. The first step (25 similar to 120 degrees C) included removal of some volatile components and low boiling point molecular species, which caused a weight reduction. The second step (120 similar to 500 degrees C) included the cracking and volatilization of some macromolecular components. The third step (500 similar to 900 degrees C) was the carbon precipitation reaction. As the temperature increased, the conversion rate of the pyrolysis gas increased. With increasing temperature, the gas components gradually reached the peak amounts of CH4, H2O, CO, and CO2. After peaking, the production of CH4, CO, CO2 and H2O always decreased as the temperature increased. However, when the temperature reached 600 degrees C and 800 degrees C, the amounts of H-2 and CO increased with increasing temperature.