The variation of long-range intermolecular forces near interfaces profoundly affects the performance of change-of-phase heat exchangers. Starting with the fundamental electromagnetic force between molecules (dielectric properties), the effects of shape (Kelvin effect), temperature (Clapeyron effect) and concentration on the heat-transfer characteristics of thin films and larger systems are reviewed and connected. A judicious selection of literature gives a consistent set of models of particular use in heat transfer. Examples of experimental verification of these interfacial models in this rapidly developing field are also presented.