Nozzle hole diameter and injection pressure have a significant effect on diesel spray combustion and emission characteristics. The current work presents an experimental and computational study of diesel spray under nonevaporating and evaporating spray conditions, considering the effects of hole diameter and rail pressure. Three single-hole injectors with hole diameters of 0.101 mm, 0.122 mm, and 0.133 mm are studied with 120 MPa injection pressure. However, the 0.122 mm hole diameter injector is further tested with 100 MPa and 140 MPa injection pressures. The diffused backlight illumination method is applied in the nonevaporating diesel spray experiment, whereas the laser absorption scattering technique is implemented in the evaporating spray condition to measure the mixture concentration and visualize the vapor phase. Also, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is performed, and results are validated against the experimental data. Since the rate of injection profile plays a decisive role in the CFD calculation, injection rates with various low-pass filters are carefully measured using the Zeuch method. The Butterworth low-pass filter with a cut-off frequency of 5 kHz is chosen based on a similar start of injection with the high-speed video camera start-of-injection frame. In the nonevaporating spray condition, a 0.133 mm hole diameter injector and 140 MPa injection pressure show higher injection rates, thus producing longer spray tip penetration among their counterparts. Likewise, in the evaporating spray condition, a 0.101 mm hole diameter injector and 140 MPa injection pressure exhibit a longer vapor spray tip penetration and higher evaporation ratio. The CFD simulation predicts the experimental spray tip penetration accurately; however, the spray cone angle and the spray angle are underpredicted in the nonevaporating spray condition. Moreover, in the evaporating condition, the computational study shows a disagreement with the experimental vapor penetration length, while showing a good agreement with the evaporation ratio.