Journal of the Institute of Energy, Vol.67, No.471, 78-82, 1994
THE COMBUSTION OF PULVERIZED COAL IN SIMULATED TURBINE EXHAUST-GAS - EFFECTS ON NOX, COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY AND FLAME STRUCTURE
A large proportion of electrical power generation world-wide is derived from the combustion of pulverised coal in large power-plant boilers coupled to steam turbines, with overall efficiencies typically in the range 35-39%. One method of improving the overall efficiency of such a power plant or to increase the power output is to re-power the existing boilers using gas turbines in a combined-cycle system. In this configuration the hot turbine exhaust gas is used as the oxidant for burning the pulverised coal in the existing boiler, to raise steam. Because of the low oxygen content and the high temperature of the turbine exhaust gas, many issues exist as to the flexibility of this technology in practice, particularly with respect to flame stability, burnout and pollutant emissions such as NO(x), CO and unburnt hydrocarbons. This paper presents the results of a preliminary study on the combustion of pulverised coal in simulated turbine exhaust gas at 1.3 MW thermal input. A generic experimental burner was used. Simulated turbine exhaust gas was produced from two natural-gas-fired turbine exhaust-gas generators with independent control of oxygen and temperature levels. The simulated turbine exhaust gas was used as main oxidant and as the coal-transport medium. In the simulated turbine exhaust gas, oxygen concentration ranged between 10 and 21%, and temperatures ranged between 400 and 600-degrees-C. Two coals were fired-Gottelborn (HVBa) and Obed Mountain (HVBc). Stable combustion was obtained for turbine exhaust-gas oxygen levels down to 11%; this observation was relatively insensitive to turbine exhaust-gas temperature. Dependent on coal type, NO(x) emissions ranged from 120 ppm (0% O2) for turbine exhaust-gas oxygen levels of 11%, to 1100 ppm (0% O2) at 21% oxygen. Burnout expectedly fell as turbine exhaust-gas oxygen level was reduced. This latter phenomenon was more significant for the Gottelborn coal.