A comparison between ferrochrome slag and gold mine tailings based geopolymers as adsorbents for heavy metals in aqueous solutions:Analyzing reusability and sustainability

Thabo Falayi; Bolanle Deborah Ikotun

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.38, No.4, 816-825, April, 2021

DOI10.1007/s11814-020-0731-y Export Citation

A comparison between ferrochrome slag and gold mine tailings based geopolymers as adsorbents for heavy metals in aqueous solutions:Analyzing reusability and sustainability

Thabo Falayi^†, and Bolanle Deborah Ikotun

Department of Civil and Chemical Engineering, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa

E-mail:

Ferrochrome slag (FeCr-GP) and gold mine tailings (GMT-GP) based geopolymers were synthesized and used as adsorbents of heavy metals in aqueous solutions. Batchwise adsorption experiments were used to determine the effect of solid loading (S/L), temperature and time on the adsorption of Cu, Ni and Mn. X-ray diffraction studies showed that GMT-GP was amorphous with calcium aluminium silicate hydrate as the geopolymerization product leading to an increased surface area while GMT-GP had a significant reduction in the intensity of crystalline peaks as compared to the precursor. FeCr-GP could adsorb above 99% of the metal ions (Cu2+, Ni2+ and Mn2+) in solution with an initial metal concentration of 400 ppm at 298, while GMT-GP could only adsorb at least 98% of the metal with an initial metal concentration of 200 ppm. The adsorption was accompanied by a pH rise from 2.3 to 4.5 and 4.8 for GMTGP and FeCr-GP, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of FeCr-GP was double that of GMT-GP. FeCr-GP could be desorbed using HCl and reverse osmosis water and could be used for a further three cycles without significant loss in adsorbing ability, while desorption of GMT-GP resulted a reduction in adsorption capability.

Keywords:Gold Mine Tailings;Ferrochrome Slag;Geopolymer;Desorption;Adsorption;Isotherm

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[4] Jaishankar M, Tseten T, Anbalagan N, Mathew BB, Beeregowda KN, Interdiscipl. Toxicol., 7, 60 (2014)

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[7] Luukkonen T, Runtti H, Niskanen M, Tolonen ET, Sarkkinen M, Kemppainen K, Ramo J, Lassi U, J. Environ. Manage., 166, 579 (2016)

[8] Maleki A, Hajizadeh A, Sharifi V, Emdadi Z, J. Clean Prod., 215, 1233 (2019)

[9] Memon MA, Nuruddin MF, Demie S, Shafiq N, World Acad. Sci. Eng. Technol., 80, 860 (2011)

[10] Rasaki SA, Bingxue A, Guarecuco R, Thomas T, Minghui Y, J. Clean Prod., 213, 42 (2019)

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[12] Luukkonen T, Heponiemi A, Runtti H, Pesonen J, Yliniemi J, Lassi U, Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol., 18, 271 (2019)

[13] Falayi T, Proc. Inst. Civ. Engin. - Wast. Res. Man., 172, 56 (2019)

[14] Falayi T, Sust. Envir. Res., 29, 1 (2019)

[15] Barbosa TR, Foletto EL, Dotto GL, Jahn SL, Ceram. Int., 44, 416 (2018)

[16] Luukkonen T, Veznıkova K, Tolonen E, Runtti H, Yliniemi J, Hu T, Kemppainen K, Lassi U, Environ. Technol., 39, 1 (2017)

[17] Liu Y, Yan C, Zhang Z, Gong Y, Wang H, Qiu X, Mater. Lett., 185, 370 (2016)

[18] Panda L, Rath SS, Rao DS, Nayak BB, Das B, Misra PK, J. Mol. Liq., 263, 428 (2018)

[19] Panda L, Jena SK, Rath SS, Misra PK, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 27, 24284 (2020)

[20] Demir F, Derun EM, J. Clean Prod., 237, 1 (2019)

[21] Zaheer Z, Aisha AA, Aazam ES, J. Mol. Liq., 283, 287 (2019)

[22] Freundlich HMF, Z. Phys. Chem., 57, 385 (1906)

[23] Wang J, Guo X, Chemosphere, 258, 127279 (2020)

[24] McKay G, Ho YS, Ng JCY, Sep. Purif. Methods, 28(1), 87 (1999)

[25] Gupta SS, Bhattacharyya KG, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 162, 39 (2011)

[26] Ren X, Zhang LY, Ramey D, Waterman B, Ormsby S, J. Mater. Sci., 50(3), 1370 (2015)

[27] Kiventera J, Golek L, Yliniemi J, Ferreira VM, Int. J. Min. Proc., 149, 104 (2016)

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[29] Bakharev T, Cem. Concr. Res., 35, 1224 (2005)

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[31] Allen GC, Paul M, Appl. Spectrosc., 49, 451 (1995)

[32] Wilson MJ, Clay mineralogy: spectroscopic and chemical determinative methods, Chapman & Hall, London (1994).

[33] Navarro C, Diaz M, Villa-Garcia MA, Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 5383 (2010)

[34] Ntuli F, Lewis AE, Chem. Eng. Sci., 64(9), 2202 (2009)

[35] Xiaolong Z, Shiyu Z, Hui L, Yingliang Z, J. Clean Prod., 284, 1 (2020)

[36] Nath SK, Kumar S, Waste Biomass Valor., 10, 2014 (2019)

[37] Nath SK, Kumar S, Constr. Build. Mater., 125, 127 (2016)

[38] Hajimohammadi A, van Deventer JSJ, Int. J. Min. Proc., 153, 80 (2016)

[39] Okoye IP, Obi C, Int. Arch. Appl. Sci. Tech., 3, 58 (2012)

[40] Maleki A, Mohammad M, Emdadi Z, Asim N, Azizi M, Safaei J, Arab. J. Chem., 13, 3017 (2020)

[41] Harja M, Buema G, Sutiman DM, Munteanu C, Bucur D, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 29(12), 1735 (2012)