Renewable Energy, Vol.170, 974-984, 2021
Sulfonated polyvinylidene fluoride and functional copolymer based blend proton exchange membrane for fuel cell application and studies on methanol crossover
Copolymers of poly(methyl methacrylate)-co-poly (2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid (PMMA-co-PAMPS) have been prepared via radical polymerization with different MMA to AMPS mol ratio and blended with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and sulfonated PVDF (S-PVDF) in a different weight ratio to prepare proton exchange membranes (PEMs) by simple solution casting method for fuel cells application (PEMFCs). Five different PEMs have been prepared from only PMMA-co-PAMPS, blending PMMA-co-PAMPS with PVDF, and also by blending PMMA-co-PAMPS with S-PVDF to get the suitable membrane for PEMFCs application. We have also studied the effect of PVDF and S-PVDF in the blend membranes on the water uptake, mechanical stability, thermal stability, proton conductivity (K-m), and methanol permeability (P-M) properties. PEMs prepared by blending with S-PVDF exhibited high K-m and low P-M value. PEM-5 membrane prepared by blending S-PVDF with PMMA-co-PAMPS (30:70 w/w) exhibited K-m at room temperature 5.7 x 10(-2) S/cm, P-M value 5.24 x 10(-7) cm(2)/s and maximum power density 477 mW/cm(2). This P-M value is much lower than that of the Nafion (R) 117 membrane (22 x 10(-7) cm(2)/s). This low P-M, high K-m and high selectivity make the S-PVDF blend membranes a good candidate in PEMFCs or direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) application. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords:Sulfonated poly(vinylidene fluoride);Blend membrane;Proton exchange membrane;Methanol permeability;Relative selectivity