화학공학소재연구정보센터
홈 로그인 로그아웃 연락처 사이트맵
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.38, No.6, 1277-1290, June, 2021
DOI10.1007/s11814-021-0830-4  Export Citation
Synthesis, characterization of novel Fe-doped TiO2 activated carbon nanocomposite towards photocatalytic degradation of Congo red, E. coli, and S. aureus
Mridushmita Baruah, Soremo Likongthung Ezung, Aola Supong, Parimal Chandra Bhomick1, Suraj Kumar, and Dipak Sinha†
  • Department of Chemistry, Nagaland University, Lumami-798627, Nagaland, India
  • 1Department of Chemistry, Immanuel College, Dimapur-797112, Nagaland, India
E-mail:
In this work, the synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic activity of iron-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles (FDT) supported on environmentally benign activated carbon (PAC) has been discussed. The photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposite was investigated for the degradation of Congo red (CR) dye from aqueous solution under visible light (520 nm), and it was observed that 100% degradation for 20 ppm CR solution took place within 60 mins. The experimental data of photodegradation of CR using the FDT/PAC nanocomposite had the highest correlation with Langmuir Hinshelwood model and pseudo-first-order rate kinetics with an apparent rate constant of 0.05341min-1 and half-life period of 12.97mins, respectively. The thermodynamics study revealed that the degradation process is exothermic and spontaneous. The effect of interfering ions on the degradation of CR solution was also examined. The photocatalytic antibacterial activity of the nanocomposite was tested against two bacteria pathogens, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and it was found that for the concentration of 105 CFU ml-1, 100% photocatalytic inactivation was achieved for both Escherichia coli in 120mins and Staphylococcus aureus in 75 mins under visible light irradiation. The total electrical energy consumed and operating cost were measured and the total operating cost was 312.50, 236.74, and 166.67 INR (Indian rupee) for 20 ppm, 60 ppm, and 100 ppm CR dye removal using 0.06 g FDT/PAC nanocomposite, respectively.
Keywords:FDT/PAC Nanocomposite;Photodegradation;Congo Red Dye;Antibacterial Activity;Electric Energy Per Order
  1. Kumar K, Chowdhury A, Encycl. Renew. Sustain. Mater., 1, 949 (2020)
  2. Ibhadon AO, Fitzpatrick P, Catalysts, 3, 189 (2013)
  3. Khan MM, Adil SF, Al-mayouf A, Adil SF, J. Saudi Chem. Soc., 19, 462 (2015)
  4. Ma JZ, He H, Liu FD, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 179, 21 (2015)
  5. Mandari KK, Police AKR, Do JY, Kang M, Byon C, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, 43(4), 2073 (2018)
  6. Khairy M, Zakaria W, Egypt. J. Pet., 23, 419 (2014)
  7. Li Y, Chen J, Liu J, Ma M, Chen W, J. Environ. Sci., 22, 1290 (2011)
  8. Eshaghi A, Moradi H, Adv. Powder Technol., 29(8), 1879 (2018)
  9. Rivera KKP, De Luna MDG, Suwannaruang T, Wantala K, Int. Conf. Biol. Civ. Environ. Eng., March 27-18, 208 (2014).
  10. Nishimura A, Ishida N, Tatematsu D, Hirota M, Koshio A, Kokai F, Hu E, Int. J. Photoenergy, 2017, 1 (2017)
  11. Valero-Romero MJ, Santaclara JG, Oar-Arteta L, van Koppen L, Osadchii DY, Gascon J, Kapteijn F, Chem. Eng. J., 360, 75 (2019)
  12. Zhou W, Zhang P, Liu W, Int. J. Photoenergy, 2012, 28 (2011)
  13. Mohammad S, Alam M, Sela SK, Nayab-ul-hossain AKM, Masud M, Sajib K, Hasan MR, J. Text. Eng. Fash. Technol., 3, 666 (2017)
  14. Routoula E, Patwardhan SV, Environ. Sci. Technol., 54, 647 (2020)
  15. Harry-asobara JL, Kamei I, Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 159, 1183 (2019)
  16. Wang J, Li C, Zhuang H, Zhang J, Food Control, 34, 372 (2013)
  17. Eswar NK, Ramamurthy PC, Madras G, New J. Chem., 40, 3464 (2016)
  18. Yadav HM, Otari SV, Koli VB, Kook C, Pawar SH, Delekar SD, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem., 280, 32 (2014)
  19. Zhang BG, Zou SQ, Cai RQ, Li M, He Z, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 224, 383 (2018)
  20. Vereb G, Manczinger L, Bozso G, Sienkiewicz A, Forro L, Mogyorosi K, Hernadi K, Dombi A, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 129, 566 (2013)
  21. Masae M, Sikog L, Rom. J. Mater., 47, 129 (2017)
  22. Baruah M, Supong A, Chandra P, Rituparna B, Chubaakum K, Nanotechnol. Environ. Eng., 3, 1 (2020)
  23. Teng H, Xu S, Sun D, Zhang Y, Int. J. Photoenergy, 2013, 1 (2013)
  24. Babic BM, Milonjic SK, Polovina MJ, Kaludierovi BV, Carbon N. Y., 37, 477 (1999)
  25. Thakur M, Sharma G, Ahamad T, Ghfar AA, Pathania D, Naushad M, Colloids Surf. B: Biointerfaces, 157, 456 (2017)
  26. Othman SH, Rashid SA, Ghazi TIM, Abdullah N, J. Nanomaterials, 2011, 1 (2011)
  27. Song K, Lee S, Suh CY, Kim W, Ko KS, Shin D, Mater. Trans., 53, 2056 (2012)
  28. Isari AA, Payan A, Fattahi M, Jorfi S, Kakavandi B, Appl. Surf. Sci., 462, 549 (2018)
  29. Sood S, Umar A, Mehta SK, Kansal SK, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 450, 213 (2015)
  30. Belayachi H, Bestani B, Benderdouche N, Belhakem M, Arab. J. Chem., 12, 3018 (2015)
  31. Daimon T, Naruse H, Watanabe H, Oda H, Yamanaka A, IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., 18, 1 (2011).
  32. Hasibur RK, Kumar KA, Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process, 105, 104745 (2020)
  33. Moradi H, Eshaghi A, Hosseini SR, Ghani K, Ultrason. Sonochem., 32, 314 (2016)
  34. Li X, Shen RC, Ma S, Chen XB, Xie J, Appl. Surf. Sci., 430, 53 (2018)
  35. Robertson JMC, Robertson PKJ, Lawton LA, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem., 175, 51 (2005)
  36. Ghasemi Z, Younesi H, Zinatizadeh AA, J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng., 65, 357 (2016)
  37. Mamun K, Asw R, Fahmida K, Appl. Water Sci., 7, 1569 (2017)
  38. Sood S, Mehta SK, Umar A, Kansal SK, Ne. J. Chem., 38, 3127 (2014)
  39. Kaur S, Singh V, Ultra. Sonochem., 14, 531 (2007)
  40. Yun E, Yoo H, Kim W, Kim H, Kang G, Lee H, Lee S, Park T, Lee C, Kim J, Lee J, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 203, 473 (2017)
  41. Eliyas AE, Ljutzkanov L, Stambolova ID, Blaskov VN, Vassilev SV, Razkazova-Velkova EN, Mehandjiev DR, Cent. Eur. J. Chem., 11, 464 (2013)
  42. Jothivel S, Velmurugan R, Selvam K, Krishnakumar B, Swaminathan M, Sep. Purif. Technol., 77(2), 245 (2011)
  43. Singh A, Bhati A, Khare P, Tripathi KM, Sci. Rep., 9, 1 (2019)
  44. Zheng P, Pan Z, Li H, Bai B, Guan W, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron., 26, 6399 (2015)
  45. Zhang N, Liu GG, Liu HJ, Wang YL, He ZW, Wang G, J. Hazard. Mater., 192(1), 411 (2011)
  46. Srinivasan NR, Shankar PA, Bandyopadhyaya R, Carbon N. Y., 57, 1 (2013)
  47. Boonyod S, Sutthisripok W, Sikong L, AAPG Bull., 214, 197 (2011)
  48. Yadav HM, Otari SV, Bohara RA, Pawar SH, Delekar SD, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem., 294, 130 (2014)
  49. Ibrahim HMM, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 31, 1049 (2015)
  50. Wang W, Yu JC, Wong PK, Mater. Sci. Forum, 734, 63 (2019)
  51. Chen Q, Li J, Wu Y, Shen F, Yao M, Rsc Adv., 3, 13835 (2013)
  52. Huang S, Zhao Y, Xu H, Li H, Acs. Sustainable. Chm., 6, 11968 (2018)
  53. Jeong J, Kim KY, Yoon J, Environ. Sci. Technol., 40, 6117 (2006)
  54. Karbasi M, Karimzadeh F, Raeissi K, Rtimi S, Kiwi J, Giannakis S, Pulgarin C, Water, 12, 1099 (2020)
  55. Taghizadeh MT, Siyahi V, Ashassi-Sorkhabi H, Zarrini G, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 147, 1018 (2020)
  56. Foster HA, Ditta IB, Varghese S, Steele A, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 90(6), 1847 (2011)
  57. Fu GF, Vary PS, Lin CT, J. Phys. Chem. B, 109(18), 8889 (2005)
  58. Caballero L, Whitehead KA, Allen NS, Verran J, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem., 202, 92 (2009)
  59. Adams LK, Lyon DY, Alvarez PJJ, Water Res., 40, 3527 (2006)
  60. Daneshvar N, Aleboyeh A, Khataee AR, Chemosphere, 59, 761 (2005)
  61. Behnajady MA, Eskandarloo H, Shokri M, Dig. J. Nanomater. Biostructures, 6, 1887 (2011)
  62. Vishnuganth MA, Remya N, Kumar M, Selvaraju N, J. Environ. Manage., 181, 201 (2016)
  63. Foura G, Chouchou N, Soualah A, Kouachi K, Guidotti M, Robert D, Catalysts, 7, 1 (2017)
  64. Nagargoje R, Atalay S, Ersoz GA, Palas B, Bombay Technol., 64, 45 (2014)
  65. Taghvaei H, Farhadian M, Davari N, Maazi S, Adv. Environ. Technol., 3, 205 (2017)
  66. Meng ZD, Zhang K, Oh WC, J. Korean Cryst. Growth Cryst. Technol., 19, 268 (2009)
  67. Youji LI, Jing LI, Mingyuan MA, Yuzhu O, Wenbin YAN, Sci. China Ser. B-Chem., 52, 1113 (2009)
  68. Jorfi S, Mirali S, Mostoufi A, Ahmadi M, Chem. Biochem. Eng. Q., 32, 215 (2018)