화학공학소재연구정보센터
홈 로그인 로그아웃 연락처 사이트맵
Applied Chemistry for Engineering, Vol.32, No.4, 361-370, August, 2021
DOI10.14478/ace.2021.1037  Export Citation
탄소섬유를 활용한 구조용 배터리 연구 동향
A Review of Structural Batteries with Carbon Fibers
권동준, 남상용†
  • 경상국립대학교 나노신소재융합공학부 그린에너지융합연구소
Dong-Jun Kwon, and Sang Yong Nam†
  • Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Research Institute for Green Energy Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
E-mail:
초록
탄소 섬유 강화플라스틱은 가볍지만 우수한 기계적 강도를 가지는 복합재의 한 종류이다. 가벼우면서 우수한 기계적 강도를 가지는 탄소 섬유 강화플라스틱은 산업 전반에 널리 이용되고 있으며, 최근 활발히 연구되고 있는 전기자동차 및 무인기 등의 무게 감소 핵심 대체 부품으로 연구되고 있다. 배터리를 전원으로 사용하는 운송수단 등은 외부 충격에 이차 폭발의 위험이 있기 때문에 배터리를 안전하게 보호할 수 있는 덮개가 필수적인 동시에, 무게를 줄여 주행거리를 늘려야 하는 요구조건을 만족해야 한다. 이러한 요구 조건에 부합하는 재료로 탄소섬유 강화플라스틱이 손꼽히고 있고, 배터리 보호 덮개 및 다양한 대체품으로의 활용이 연구되고 있다. 한편, 우수한 전기적 특성을 가진 탄소섬유를 배터리 구성품으로 활용하는 연구가 배터리 분야에서 진행 중이고, 이에 더 나아가 탄소 섬유가 배터리를 보호하고 배터리 전극 및 집전체 역할까지 동시에 수행하는 구조용 배터리에 대한 연구가 스웨덴과 미국을 중심으로 활발히 연구 중이다. 본 총설에서는 탄소 섬유의 역할에 따른 구조용 배터리의 분류 및 해당 배터리들에서 발생하는 문제점 등을 포괄하는 최근 연구 동향을 요약하고, 구조용 배터리에 대한 전망을 간략히 논의하고자 한다.
Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is one of the composite materials, which has a unique property that is lightweight but strong. The CFRPs are widely used in various industries where their unique characteristics are required. In particular, electric and unmanned aerial vehicles critically need lightweight parts and bodies with sufficient mechanical strengths. Vehicles using the battery as a power source should simultaneously meet two requirements that the battery has to be safely protected. The vehicle should be light of increasing the mileage. The CFRP has considered as the one that satisfies the requirements and is widely used as battery housing and other vehicle parts. On the other hand, in the battery area, carbon fibers are intensively tested as battery components such as electrodes and/or current collectors. Furthermore, using carbon fibers as both structure reinforcements and battery components to build a structural battery is intensively investigated in Sweden and the USA. This mini-review encompasses recent research trends that cover the classification of structural batteries in terms of functionality of carbon fibers and issues and efforts in the battery and discusses the prospect of structural batteries.
Keywords:Lithium-ion battery;Cathode;Mechanical properties;Carbon fiber;Energy storage;Electrochemical performance
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