Significance of Siloxane Functionalized Side-Chain π-Conjugated Polymer Donor: Optimization of Active Layer Morphology Toward the Stable All-Polymer Solar Cells

Yeongju Do; Hyungjin Park; Thavamani Gokulnath; Kyungmin Sung; Ho-Yeol Park; Sung-Ho Jin

Macromolecular Research, Vol.30, No.3, 183-189, March, 2022

DOI10.1007/s13233-022-0024-x Export Citation

Significance of Siloxane Functionalized Side-Chain π-Conjugated Polymer Donor: Optimization of Active Layer Morphology Toward the Stable All-Polymer Solar Cells

Yeongju Do, Hyungjin Park, Thavamani Gokulnath, Kyungmin Sung, Ho-Yeol Park, and Sung-Ho Jin^†

Department of Chemistry Education, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials and Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea

E-mail:

Side-chain properties of π-conjugated wide bandgap (WBG) polymers have been widely studied for application in all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs), but the siloxane functionalized side-chains based polymers has been rarely reported. In this regard, we systematically explored a π-conjugated WBG polymer with a distinct side-chain of siloxane functionality for high performance all-PSCs. We found that the π-conjugated WBG polymer (Si-BDT) has good absorption spectra with polymer acceptor (P(NDI2OD-T2)), high charge carrier mobility and enhanced bulk-heterojunction morphology. When the polymer with siloxane functionalized side-chain had power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.54% with significantly enhanced photocurrent and fill factor. Notably, the additive-free Si-BDT:P(NDI2OD-T2) exhibits stable characteristics. These results demonstrate that siloxane functionalized side chains are a promising strategy to design new π-conjugated polymers toward the stable all-PSCs.

Keywords:all-polymer solar cells;siloxane functionalized side-chain;morphology;charge carrier mobility;stability

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[2] Zhan L, Li S, Xia X, Li Y, Lu X, Zuo L, Shi M, Chen H, Adv. Mater., 33, 2007231 (2021)

[3] Cui Y, Yao H, Zhang J, Xian K, Zhang T, Hong L, Wang Y, Xu Y, Ma K, An C, He C, Wei Z, Gao F, Hou J, Adv. Mater., 32, 1908205 (2020)

[4] Kim T, Kim JH, Kang TE, Lee C, Kang H, Shin M, Wang C, Ma B, Jeong U, Kim TS, Kim BJ, Nat. Commun., 6, 8547 (2015)

[5] Gokulnath T, Choi J, Jin H, Park HY, Sung K, Do Y, Park H, Reddy SS, Kim J, Song M, Yoon J, Jin SH, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 13, 28231 (2021)

[6] Fan B, Zhong W, Ying L, Zhang D, Li M, Lin Y, Xia R, Liu F, Yip HL, Li N, Ma Y, Brabec CJ, Huang F, Cao Y, Nat. Commun., 10, 4100 (2019)

[7] Zhu L, Zhong W, Qiu C, Lyu B, Zhou Z, Zhang M, Song J, Xu J, Wang J, Ali J, Feng W, Shi Z, Gu X, Ying L, Zhang Y, Liu F, Adv. Mater., 31, 1902899 (2019)

[8] Li Z, Ying L, Zhu P, Zhong W, Li N, Liu F, Huang F, Cao Y, Energy Environ. Sci., 12157 (2019)

[9] Xie B, Zhang K, Hu Z, Fang H, Lin B, Yin Q, He B, Dong S, Ying L, Ma W, Huang F, Yan H, Cao Y, Sol. RRL, 4, 1900385 (2020)

[10] Yuan J, McDowell C, Mai CK, Bazan GC, Ma W, Chem. Mater., 28, 7479 (2016)

[11] Heintges GHL, Hendriks KH, Colberts FJM, Li M, Li J, Janssen AJ, RSC Adv., 9, 8740 (2019)

[12] Fan B, Ying L, Zhu P, Pan F, Liu F, Chen J, Huang F, Cao Y, Adv. Mater., 29, 1703906 (2017)

[13] Gokulnath T, Choi J, Park HY, Sung K, Do Y, Park H, Kim J, Reddy SS, Kim J, Song M, Yoon J, Jin SH, Nano Energy, 89, 106323 (2021)

[14] Kranthiraja K, Kim S, Lee C, Gunasekar K, Sree VG, Gautam B, Gundogdu K, Jin SH, Kim BJ, Adv. Funct. Mater., 27, 1701256 (2017)

[15] Oh J, Kranthiraja K, Lee C, Gunasekar K, Kim S, Ma B, Kim BJ, Jin SH, Adv. Mater., 28, 10016 (2016)

[16] Kranthiraja K, Gunasekar K, Kim H, Cho AN, Park NG, Kim S, Kim BJ, Nishikubo R, Saeki A, Song M, Jin SH, Adv. Mater., 29, 1700183 (2017)

[17] Aryal UK, Reddy SS, Kranthiraja K, Kim J, Cho W, Song M, Jin SH, ACS Appl. Energy Mater., 2, 4159 (2019)

[18] Liu X, Nian L, Gao K, Zhang L, Qing L, Wang Z, Ying L, Xie Z, Ma Y, Cao Y, Liu F, Chen J, J. Mater. Chem. A, 5, 17619 (2017)

[19] Mei J, Kim DH, Ayzner AL, Toney MF, Bao Z, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 133, 20130 (2011)

[20] Gokulnath T, Reddy SS, Park HY, Kim J, Kim J, Song M, Yoon J, Jin SH, Sol. RRL, 5, 2000787 (2021)

[21] Liu X, Li X, Zheng N, Gu C, Wang L, Fang J, Yang C, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 11, 43433 (2019)

[22] Sun C, Qin S, Wang R, Chen S, Pan F, Qiu B, Shang Z, Meng L, Zhang C, Xiao M, Yang C, Li Y, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 142, 1465 (2020)

[23] Huang S, Huai Z, Ren J, Sun Y, Zhao X, Wang L, Kong W, Fu G, Yang S, ACS Appl. Energy Mater., 3, 358 (2020)

[24] Zhang Y, Xu Y, Ford MJ, Li F, Sun J, Ling X, Wang Y, Gu J, Yuan J, Ma W, Adv. Energy Mater., 8, 1800029 (2018)

[25] You H, Kang H, Kim D, Park JS, Lee JW, Lee S, Kim FS, Kim BJ, ChemSusChem, 14, 1 (2021)

[26] Owens DK, Wendt RC, J. Appl. Polymer. Sci., 13, 1741 (1969)

[27] Bai Y, Yang B, Chen X, Wang F, Hayat T, Alsaedi A, Tan Z, Layer. Front. Chem., 6, 292 (2018)

[28] Xu Y, Yuan J, Zhou S, Seifrid M, Ying L, Li B, Huang F, Bazan GC, Ma W, Adv. Funct. Mater., 29, 1806747 (2019)

[29] Jiang BH, Wang YP, Liao CY, Chang YM, Su YW, Jeng RJ, Chen CP, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 13, 1076 (2021)