Bacteria, viruses, and temperatures change can affect the preservation of food and medicines, so it is necessary to develop an intelligent textile for antibacterial and thermal regulation. In this paper, we used coaxial electrospinning technology to achieve antibacterial thermo-regulating intelligent textiles. The polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/curcumin is the sheath, and n-octadecane is the core. The composite fiber has excellent comprehensive properties. When the curcumin concentration is 10 wt%, the antibacterial effect is the best, and the bacteriostatic rate is 100%. When the core feed rate is 0.25 mL/h, the latent heat can reach 123.94 J/g. The multifunctional textiles have potential application value in the clothing fabrics, preservation and storage quality of functional foods, biomedical products, and other fields.