A raw coal consists of two components, light coals containing combustibles and heavy coals containing ashes. The heavy coals raise transportation expenses of the raw coals, and the costs of ash disposal after combustion. Sulfur contents in the heavy coals become a cause of SOx generation. In this study, a process of separating the heavy coals from the raw coals by a fluidized bed of dry heavy medium is developed. The principle of separation using specific gravity, that is, an object whose density is smaller than the apparent density of the fluidized bed floats and a heavier one settles, and removing mechanisms of float-coals and sink-coals are employed for the process. Density distributions and ash contents of Datong, Taiheiyo and Yanzhou raw coals are measured. As a result of separating the heavy coals from these raw coals by a process with calcium carbonate for the dry heavy medium, Newtons＇ efficiency and combustible recovery become up to 90%, and ash recovery becomes 50 similar to 80%. The effectiveness of the process and the possibility of practical utilization are proven by good results.