Short fibers have a number of interesting effects on the rubber compounds they reinforce. The principal effect is a large increase in the low elongation modulus of the compounds. This paper gives an overview of the advantages and consequences of reinforcing rubber compounds with p-aramid fibrillated short fibers and with p-aramid adhesive activated chopped fibers. The type of adhesion of the former is mechanical in nature while that oi the latter is physicochemical in nature. The advantages of this type of products in various applications will also be discussed.