Langmuir, Vol.11, No.7, 2669-2673, 1995
Liquid-Fluid Interfacial-Tensions Measured by Axisymmetrical Drop Shape-Analysis - Comparison Between the Pattern of Interfacial-Tensions of Liquid-Liquid and Solid-Liquid Systems
Interfacial tensions of 19 liquids saturated with doubly distilled water are determined by using axisymmetric drop shape analysis (ADSA). The error limits of these measurements are on the order of 0.1 mJ/m(2) or less. When the liquid-water interfacial tension is plotted versus the liquid and water surface tensions, large scatter is found. This suggests that a simple relation between the three interfacial tensions cannot exist. The pattern of the interfacial tensions in the two-component liquid-liquid systems was then compared with that in two-component solid-liquid systems. It was found that the pattern of the interfacial tensions is very different in the two types of systems. Thus, interfacial tensions obtained from liquid-liquid systems cannot be expected to obey any relationship for solid-liquid systems, such as the equation of state approach. In agreement with thermodynamic theory, results show that more than two degrees of freedom are required for a two-component liquid-liquid system. Several recent claims to the opposite are considered.
Keywords:CONTACT ANGLES;CAPILLARY SYSTEMS;STATE APPROACH;PHASE RULE;SURFACE-TENSION;FREE-ENERGIES;EQUATION;EXISTENCE;JUSTIFY