Light scattering measurements (dynamic and total intensity) have been made on the complex formed between the polyelectrolyte sodium poly(styrene sulfonate) (NaPSS) and the ionic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The influence on the coil conformation of the weight concentration ratio CTAB/NaPSS, of the total concentration of the formed complex, of added simple salt, and of temperature have been examined. The NaPSS coil contracts strongly with increasing CTAB concentration. It is reasoned that this is due in part to the neutralization of the polyion charge by the oppositely charged surfactant micelles and in part through adaption of the coil conformation to the micellar surface curvature. Inverse Laplace transformation shows that in addition to a faster mode describing the translation of the single chain polyion/surfactant complex, a low weight concentration of multichain clusters is present, and the latter are probably formed by more than one chain being associated with a given surfactant micelle. The clusters may be distinguished from those formed in dilute polyelectrolyte solutions at very low or at zero added NaBr through electrostatic interactions between the polyions.