The paper presents a brief overview of measures that have been implemented in the Slovak Republic that have the effect of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and of analyses of the potential impact of various other mitigation options in the energy sector. The results indicate that the country could achieve considerable emissions reduction in 2005 relative to the 1990 level, depending on the measures applied. Scenarios of future emissions assuming different degree of implementation of mitigation options are presented for the various sectors. Based on the analyses and modelling, the mast effective measures are identified as follows : (i) increase in boilers’ effectiveness; fuel switch (as a consequence of emission limit implementation); deregulation of heat price while keeping fuel and electricity price regulated; maintain level of electricity production from nuclear power plants; and continuous casting and combined cycle implementation in VSZ Kosice enterprises. In closing, the paper discusses the barriers to implementation of mitigation measures.