It is shown that the results of theoretical and experimental modelling of the structural elements of sapropelitic kerogen and its behaviour under conditions of hydrothermal decomposition must be classified as new lines of research - the chemistry of algaenans and the chemistry of hydrothermal decomposition of sapropelitic carbonaceous rock. A research method is put forward, according to which the hydrothermal processes differ primarily in the fact that they relate to two different types of chemical conversion - synthesis and decomposition; the hydrothermal process of decomposition, in contrast to synthesis, mainly involves the conversion of organic matter natural multicomponent polymer systems or their high-molecular weight models used to study these conversions. The possible stages of development of the premising study of stable biogeopolymers (algaenans) are briefly set out. Definitions of the new lines of research are given, and it is shown that they will entail the systematic study of sapropelitic kerogen formed from algal lipids and of organic matter formed from sapropelitic kerogen under conditions characteristic of zones of hydrothermal activity of the Earth＇s core.