The anionic polymerization of N-acryloyl-N＇-p-tolylurea (1) was carried out at 80 degrees C in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), acetonitrile or toluene containing N-phenyl-beta-naphthylamine (1 mol.%) as a radical inhibitor for 23 h using t-BuOK or 1,8-diazabicyclo[5,4,0]undec-7-ene (DBU) (3 mol.%) as an initiator. It was found that 1 undertook selectively the hydrogen-transfer polymerization in the case of t-BuOK as an initiator but both hydrogen-transfer and vinyl polymerization proceeded in the case of DBU.