Mossbauer spectroscopy on inclusions in diamonds from Sao Luiz, Brazil, show that (Mg,Fe)O inclusions contain little Fe3+ (Fe3+/Sigma Fe less than or equal to 7%), whereas inclusions with pyroxene composition (believed to have been originally in the perovskite structure) and tetragonal almandine-pyrope phase (TAPP) inclusions contain high relative amounts of Fe3+ (Fe3+/Sigma Fe = 20 to 75%). These observations are consistent with high-pressure experiments on synthetic samples and support the idea that the inclusions originated in the lower mantle, Fe-Mg partitioning data for co-existing (Mg,Fe,Al)(Si,Al)O-3-(MS,Fe)O pairs also indicate that the phases were in equilibrium at the time of diamond formation in the lower mantle.