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Thin Solid Films, Vol.250, No.1-2, 273-278, 1994
Optical and Structural Characterizations of Cu+-Doped KCl Films
The production of highly Cu+-doped KCl films and the properties of their 266 nm absorption band, which has an off-center property in doped single crystals, open the possibility of application of these films as ultra-violet optical filters. The investigated films, of approximately 1 mu m thickness, were prepared by resistive co-evaporation of KCl and CuCl powders on different substrates of CaF2, Al2O3, SiO2, KCl and Si. The Cu+ concentration, as determined by energy-dispersive X-ray, ranges from 10(20) to 10(21) cm(-3), for 1-15% CuCl nominal mole percent concentration. Structural and optical properties were investigated through scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, ellipsometry, optical absorption and transmission. The films are polycrystalline, and the gain size decreases with increasing Cu+ impurity concentration, yielding an increase of visible transmission to a limited CuCl concentration. These films show a 6.295 Angstrom lattice parameter with a f.c.c. structure and an index of refraction of 1.53 at 266 nm. When the Cu+ concentration is increased, the UV band position remains the same and no clusters are evidenced even to the high 15% CuCl concentration investigated, which differs very much from single crystals samples grown by the Kyropoulos-Czochralski method. For a Cu+ concentration of 8 x 10(20) cm(-3) the film shows a transmission better than 88% at 550 nm wavelength.