In order to realize the self-crosslinking and cocrosslinking of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), PVC with pendent N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate groups (PVC-SR) was prepared from the reaction of PVC with sodium SR in butanone. The PVC-SR was self-crosslinked and the PVC-SR/NBR blend was cocrosslinked under heating at 170 degreesC. The effect of the degree of functionality of PVC-SR on the torque, gel content, glass-transition temperature, and tensile properties was investigated. The results showed that the crosslinking reaction did not occur for PVC, NBR, or the PVC/NBR blend. Introducing the SR groups into PVC caused the crosslinking reaction to occur and the high gel contents of the crosslinked samples were obtained in 15 min. The degree of crosslinking increased with the degree of functionality of PVC-SR. The mechanism of the crosslinking reaction was discussed.