Journal of Petroleum Geology, Vol.24, No.1, 55-78, 2001
Constraints on diagenesis and reservoir quality in the fractured Hasdrubal field, offshore Tunisia
The hydrocarbon reservoir of the Hasdrubal field (offshore Tunisia) lies within the Eocene El Garia Formation. This formation was deposited on a shallow north- to NE-facing vamp in the Early Eocene and is composed of a belt of nummulitic wackestones-grainstones. The nummulitic facies occupies a range of depositional environments from outer to mid ramp. In addition to Hasdrubal, several other producing oil- and gasfields have been discovered in the variably dolomitised El Garia Formation offshore Tunisia. Cores from three Hasdrubal wells were examined. Reservoir quality shows a limited relationship to primary depositional fabric and has been influenced significantly by compaction and later diagenesis. The highest permeabilities are typically developed within a dolomitised zone which occurs near the middle of the reservoir interval across the entire field, and which may follow a primary, wackestone lithofabric (typically 20-30% bulk volume dolomite, with porosities of 15-22% and permeabilities of 1-30mD). Fractures, particularly in zones surrounding faults, have resulted in enhanced permeabilities. Combined results of isotope (delta O-18 -5.0 to -7.3 parts per thousand PDB) and fluid inclusion (Th 80-90 degreesC) analyses of dolomites from this dolomitised zone indicate that matrix dolomites are burial diagenesis cements. Dolomitisation of the reservoir was a "closed system" event and was not the result of major fluid flow or mixing. Magnesium ions for dolomitisation were derived from the transformation of high-Mg to low-Mg calcite in nummulite tests within the reservoir facies.